544 
S. STEWART. 
known as the nodular disease, and its only apparent effect is the 
rendering of the intestines valueless as sausage casings. In all 
wounds, abscess, septic conditions, advanced pregnancy, etc., the 
same rules for condemnation apply as in cattle. 
Many sheep are the bearers of the cystic toema fyiarginaia^ 
(bladder worms) which are mostly found attached to the folds 
of the peritoneum 5 as they are harmless to man the carcass is 
wholesome food, but butchers should be required to remove all 
cysts and put them into the furnace or retort (in order that they 
may not be thrown to dogs, in whose intestines they become 
mature tapeworms). 
A few cases of scab have come under my notice, in which 
inflammatory processes extended beneath the skin. The animals 
were anaemic and apparently subjects of septic poison. These 
cases were condemned. 
Swine are subject to bruise and fracture during transporta¬ 
tion, also to many diseases identical with those of cattle, and the 
same principles apply to determining the wholesomeness of the 
flesh for food. There are some special diseases of swine of which 
hog cholera and swine plague are the most important. These 
two diseases are frequently associated in the same animal. 
It is the common custom of stock owners to ship their herds 
to market when contagious diseases develop in them, regardless 
of their fitness or fatness and sell them for what they will bring, 
in order to avoid a greater financial loss. More especially is this 
the case when the animals are swine affected with cholera. In 
the stage of invasion or in mild cases none of the physical signs 
are sufficiently marked to indicate the diseased hog when driven 
into the slaughtering pen, but in the more advanced stages of 
ordinary virulence, the sick hog lags behind, has a staggering 
gait, may cough violently, and is so exhausted by a short drive 
that a spasmodic action of the diaphragm (commonly called 
thurnps) is present in many cases. When allowed to stop the snout 
is dropped to the ground, the back arched, the abdomen tucked 
up, and vomiting, purging or both occur if the animal has access 
to water, which follows its endeavor to quench an insatiable thirst. 
