410 "I N S 
prerogative of God only to know. South. —A Wife man is 
not. inquiftive about things impertinent. Broome. 
His old (baking fire 
inquijitive of fights, dill longs in vain _ 
To find him in the number of the (lain. Dryden. 
■ INQUISITIVELY, adv. With curiofity ; with narrow 
fcrutiny. 
INQUISITIVENESS, /. Curiofity; diligence to pry 
into things hidden. : —Providence, delivering great con- 
clufions to us, defigned to excite our curiofity and inqui- 
fitivenefs after the methods by which things were brought 
to pafs. Burnet. —Curiofity in children nature has pro¬ 
vided, to remove that ignorance they were born with; 
■which, without this bufy inquifitivenefs, will make them 
dull. Locke. 
INQUISITOR,/ [inquifitor, Lat. inquifiteur, Fr.] One 
who examines judicially.—In thefe particulars I have 
played myfelf the inquifitor, and find nothing contrary to 
religion or manners, but rather medicinable. Bacon s EJfays. 
Minos, the drift inquifitor, appears, 
And lives and crimes with his affeffors hears. Dryden . 
An officer in the popiffi courts of inquifition. See In¬ 
quisition. 
To INRA'GE. See Enrage. 
To INRAIL', v. a. To inclofe with rails.—In things 
indifferent, what the whole church doth think convenient 
for the whole, the fame if any part do wilfully violate, it 
may be reformed and inrailed again, by that general au- 
•thority'whereunto each particular is fubjed. Hooker. 
Where fam’d St. Giles’s ancient limits fpread, 
An inrail'd column rears its lofty head; 
Here to fev’n ftreets fev’n dials count the day, 
And from each other catch the circling ray. Gay. 
INRAIL'ING,/. The ad of enclofing with rails. 
To INRICH', and its derivatives. See Enrich, vol. vi. 
IN'ROAD, f. Incurfion; fudden and defultory in- 
vafion.—From Scotland we have had in former times 
fome alarms and inroads into the northern parts of this 
kingdom. Bacon. 
By proof we feel 
Our pow’r fufficient to difturb his heav’n, 
And with perpetual inroads to alarm, 
Though inacceffible his fatal throne. Milton. 
To INROL'. See Enrol, vol. vi. 
INROL'MENT, in law. See Enrolment. 
INSAN'ABLE, adj. [infanabilis, Lat.] Incurable; ir¬ 
remediable. 
INSA'NE, adj. [infanus, Lat.] Mad. Making mad : 
Were fuch things here as we do fpeak about? 
Or have we eaten of the infane root. 
That takes the reafon pritoner ? Sha'kefpeare. 
INSA'NENESS, f. The date of being infane; infanity. 
INSAN'GUINED, adj. (.from in, Lat. and fanguis, 
blood.] Rendered bloody; drenched with blood. Scott. 
INSA'NIA,/ [Latin.] Madnefs; frenzy; dotage. 
To INSA'NIATE, v. a. To make mad; to deprive of 
reafon. Scott. 
INSAN'ITY, /. [from infane.'] Want of found mind. 
__There is a partial infanity, and a total infanity. Hale. 
Infanity, Madnefs,. or Lunacy, has ufually been confi¬ 
dered by medical writers, with fome few exceptions, from 
the earliest ages down to the prefent time, as confiding 
of two kinds; to c-ne of which they have aimed unani- 
moufly given the name of Melancholy ; and the other that 
of Mama, phrtnzy, or fury ; but mod commonly mania, the 
term phrenzy being more frequently appropriated to the 
delirium of a violent fever, (whereas infanity has nothing 
to do with fever,) and fury being ufed for the mod part 
rather as deferiptive of a driking fymptom of the difeafe 
than as q generic term : this kind anfwers to the idea 
which is vulgarly affixed to our Eftgliffi word madnefs, 
INS 
and is fometimes popularly didinguiflied by the epithet 
raving or raging prefixed to the common epithet madnefs. 
The two kinds of infanity have commonly been defined 
in words to the following effed. i. Melancholy is a 
permanent delirium, without fury or fever, in which the 
mind is dejeded and timorous, and ufually employed 
about one objed. a. Mania is a permanent delirium, 
with fury and audacity, but without fever. But, although 
thefe didempers may be confidered as didind genera, 
yet they are fo nearly allied, and fo readily change into 
each other, that it diffidently judifies the treating of 
them together; and indeed Dr. Parr obferves, that there 
is no foundation for fubdivifion in this complaint; (ince, 
like many other reputed genera, it is only itlelf a fpecies; 
and as a fpecies the diagnofis is not difficult: the abfence 
of fever clearly didinguhhes infanity from any difeafe 
with which it can be confounded. Lond. Med. DiEl. article 
Mania. 
To the fame purpofe Mr. Haflam: “As the terms 
Mania and Melancholia are in general ufe, and ferve to 
didinguifli the forms under which infanity is exhibited, 
there can be no objedion to retain them : but I would 
drongly oppofe their being confidered as oppofite dif- 
eafes. In both there is an equal derangement. On dif- 
fedion, the (late of the brain does not (how any appear¬ 
ances peculiar to melancholia; nor is the treatment, 
which I have obferved mod fuccefsful, different from 
that which is employed in mania.” Obfervaiions on Madnefs 
and Melancholy, ad edit. p. 36. 
In the various definitions of infanity to be found in 
medical writers, the term delirium, or fomething fyno- 
nymous, is commonly ufed ; but we have the bed autho¬ 
rity for dating the didindion between delirium and in¬ 
fanity, namely, the examination of Dr. Willis before a 
feled committee of the houfe of commons on the 15th of 
December lad, (1810,) on the cafe of his majedy. I11 
anfwer to a quedion upon the fubjed of this didindion. 
Dr. W. fays, “ I will deferibe the charader of the dide¬ 
rent dates: I confider the king’s derangement more 
nearly allied to delirium than infanity; whenever the 
irritation in his majedy arifes to a certain point, he uni¬ 
formly becomes delirious. In delirium, the mind is ac¬ 
tively employed upon pad impreffions, upon objeds and 
former feenes, which rapidly pafs in fucceffion before the 
mind, refembling, in that cafe, a perfon talking in his 
deep. There is alfo a confiderable didurbance in the 
general conditution ; great redleffnefs, great want of 
deep, and total unconfeioufnefs of firrounding objeEls. In in¬ 
fanity, there may be little or no didurbance, apparently, 
in the general conditution ; the mind is occupied upon 
fome dxed afl'umed idea, to the truth of which it will 
pertinacioudy adhere, in oppofition to the plained evi¬ 
dence of its faldty; and the individual is ading always 
upon that falfe impredion. In infanity, alfo, the mind is 
awake to objeEls which are prefent. Taking infanity, there¬ 
fore, and delirium, as two points, I would place derange¬ 
ment of mind fomewhere between them: his majedy’s 
illnefs has never borne the charaEleriJlic of infanity, it never 
gets beyond derangement, according to the fcale I have 
jud laid down.” 
Of all the afflidions to which human nature is fubjed, 
the lofs of reafon is at once the moll calamitous and inte- 
reding. Deprived of this faculty, by which man is prin¬ 
cipally didinguifhed from the beads that perifli, the human 
form is frequently the mod remarkable attribute that he 
retains of his proud didindion. His charader, as an in¬ 
dividual of the fpecies, is always perverted ; fometimes 
annihilated. His thoughts and adions are diverted from 
their ufual and natural courfe. The chain which con- 
neded his ideas in jull feries and mutual (ubferviency, 
is diffevered. His feelings for himfelf and others are 
new and uncommon. His attachments are converted 
into averfions, and his love into hatred. His confciouf- 
nefs even is not unfrequently alienated ; infomueh, that 
with equal probability he may fancy himfelf a deity,, an. 
emperor,. 
