j o A 
of the rebellious leaders, to whom he had promifed their 
lives. This perfidy, the fruit of the party-rage of the 
times, was feverely revenged on the proteftants by the 
fanguinary Monluc. ' Her prudence was lulled to deep by 
the flattering propofal of Charles IX. to marry his filter 
to her fon ; and fhe came to Paris to make preparations 
for the nuptials. In the midft of them the was feized 
with a difeafe of which file died, June 1572, in her forty- 
fourth year. Her death was not without fufpicion of 
poifon, which, if not contradicted by the circumftances, 
would be rendered fufficiently credible by the character 
of that court which foon after afted the horrible tragedy 
of the maflacre of St. Bartholomew’s. 
JOANI'NA. See Janna, vol. x. 
JOAN'NA, [Heb. the grace of the Lord.] The name 
of a woman. The name of a man ; Luke, iii. 27. 
JOAN'NA, wife of Chuza, Herod’s fteward, (Luke, viii. 
3.) was one of thofe women who had followed our Sa¬ 
viour, and aflifted him. St. Luke obferves that thefe wo- 
mea had been delivered by Jefus Chrift from evij fpirits, 
or cured of difeafes. Perhaps this wife of Chuza was not 
a widow. It was cuftomary among the Jews, for men 
who dedicated themfelves to preaching, to accept the fer- 
vices of women of piety, who attended them, without any 
fcandal, 
JOAN'NA, or Hinzuan, one of the Comora Illands, 
between the ifland of Madagafcar and the main continent 
of Africa, where the fiiips belonging to the E.ift-India 
company, which are bound for Bombay, take in water 
and frefh provifions; for they are here very plentiful, and 
the inhabitants very ready to lupply them. The road 
on the north fide of the ifland is very good, and in a fair 
bay ; and, if fhips make this ifland on fouth fide, they 
mull Hand off at a great diftance to make the north fliore 
where the road is, on account of the very ftrong and dan¬ 
gerous flaws of wind which burft down from the land, 
which is mountainous. This ifland has been governed 
about two centuries by a colony of Arabs, and exhibits 
a curious inftance of the flow approaches towards civili¬ 
zation which are made by a fmall community, though 
poflefled of many natural advantages. The manners of 
Arabia are plainly feen, and its language is diitinflly 
heard, in the inhabitants. 
Sir William Jones, who vifited this ifland in the Cro¬ 
codile frigate in the month of July, 1783, has given the 
following very particular and curious account of the ifland 
for the information of the Society for promoting Oriental 
Knowledge. “On anchoring in the bay, the frigate was 
foon furrounded by canoes, and the deck crowded with 
natives of all ranks, from the high-born chief, who wathed 
linen, to the half-naked flaves, who only paddled. Molt 
of them had letters of recommendation from Engliflimen, 
which none of them were able to read, though they fpoke 
Englilh intelligibly; and fome appeared vain of titles 
which our countrymen had given them in play, according 
to their fuppofed ltations. We had lords, dukes, and 
princes, on-board, foliciting ourcuftom, and importuning 
us for prefents 5 and, though they are too fenflble to be 
proud of empty founds, they juftly imagined that thofe 
ridiculous titles would lerve as marks of diftinclion; and, 
by attracting notice, procure for them fomething fubftan- 
tial.” He thus delcribes the appearance of the ifland from 
the bay : “ We were at anchor in a bay, and before us 
was a vaft amphitheatre, of which you may form a gene¬ 
ral notion by picturing in your minds a multitude of 
hills, infinitely varied in fize and figure, and then fuppof- 
sng them to be thrown together, with a kind of artlefs 
fymmetry, in all imaginable pofltions. The back ground 
was a feries of mountains, one of which is pointed near 
half a mile perpendicularly high from the level of the fea, 
and little more than three miles from the fliore; all of 
them richly clothed with wood, chiefly fruit-trees of an 
exquifite verdure. I had feen many mountains of a ftu- 
pendous height in Wales and Swiflerland, but never faw 
one before, round the bofom of which the clouds were 
aimoft continually rolling, while its green fummit rofe 
T o A 199 
flourifhing above them, and received from them an addi¬ 
tional brightnefs. Next to this diltant range of hills was 
another tier, part of which appeared charmingly verdant, 
and part rather barren ; but the contrail of colours changed 
even this nakednefs into a beauty; nearer Hill were innu¬ 
merable mountains, or rather cliffs, which brought down 
their verdure and fertility quite to the beach ; fo that every 
fhade.of green, the fweetefl of colours, was difplayed at 
one view, by land and by water. But nothing conduced 
more to the variety of this enchanting profpeft than the 
many rows of palm-trees, efpecially the tall and graceful 
arecas, on the fhores, in the valleys, and on the ridges of 
hills, where one might almoft fuppofe them to have been 
planted regularly by defign. A more beautiful appearance 
can fcarce be conceived, than fuch a number of elegant 
palms, in fuch a fituation, with luxuriant tops, like verdant 
plumes, placed at juft intervals, and fhowing between 
them part of the remoter landfcape, while they left the reft 
to be fupplied by the beholder’s imagination. Neither 
the territory of Nice, with its olives,, date-trees, and cy- 
prefles, nor the ifles of Hieres, with their delightful orange-, 
groves, appeared fo charming to me as the view from the 
road of Hinzuan.” 
This ifland has been defcribed by major Rooke, who 
obferves, that it is a proper place of refrefhment for the 
India fhips, whole crews, when ill of the fcurvy, foon re¬ 
cover by the ule of limes, lemons, and oranges, and from 
the air of the land. The town where the king refides is 
at the eaft fide of the ifland; and, though it is three quar¬ 
ters of a mile in length, it does not contain 200 houfes. 
This town is clofe to the fea, at the foot of a very high 
hill. The houfes are inclofed, either with high Hone walls 
or palings made with a kind of reed; and the flreets are 
little narrow alleys, extremely intricate, and forming a 
perfect labyrinth. The better kind of houfes are built of 
ftone, within a court-yard, have a portico to fhield them 
from the fun, and one long lofty room where they receive 
guefts ; the other apartments being facred to the women., 
The fides of their rooms are covered with a number of 
fmall mirrors, bits of China-ware, and other little orna¬ 
ments that they procure from the fhips; the moll fuperb 
of them are furniflied with cane fofas, covered with chintz 
and fatin mattreffes. The liorned-cattle are a kind off 
buffaloes, having a large hump on their fhoulders, which, 
is very delicious eating; but there is not one horfe, mule, 
or afs, in the whole ifland. The original natives, are 
about 7000 in number, and poffefs the hilly and inland 
country ; but the Arabian interlopers are about 3000. 
Thefe have eftablilhed themfelves on the fea-coall by con- 
quefl; on which account the others are continually at war 
with them. 
This ifland, though not the largeft of the Comora 
Illands, may be deemed the principal, and claims love- 
reignty over the others. Their arms and ammunition are 
procured from Ihips that touch here; and it is cuftomary 
for all to make prefents of arms and powder to the prince 
when he pays a vifit on-board, which he does to every 
one. Englifhmen are allowed to enter their mofques, (for 
their government and religion were both introduced by 
the Arabs, and conlequently the latter is Mahometan,) 
on condition of taking off their (hoes. Moll of the peo¬ 
ple fpeak a little Englifh, from their frequent correfpon- 
dence with our India Ihips ; and they profefs a particu¬ 
lar regard for the Englifh nation. They are particularly 
fond of repeating, that “Joanna-man and Englilh-man all 
brothers;” and never forget to alk, “how king George 
do ?” The punifhment of theft is very exemplary, being 
amputation of both hands of the delinquent; notwith- 
ftanding which it is much praftifed by the lower dais. 
But they are in general a courteous and well-difpofed 
people, and very fair and honeft in their dealings. The- 
ifland is about thirty miles in length and fifteen in breadth. 
Lat. 12. 14. S. Ion. 44. 48. E. 
JOAN'NA, a town on the north coaft of the ifland off 
java : forty miles north-eaft of Samarang. 
JOANNAT'ICS, /. In ecclefiaftical hiftory, monks of 
a certaisa 
