fiOO J O A 
eik 
a certain order who wear the figure of the chalice deplored 
on their breads. 
JOA'O FUSTA'DO, a town of Brafil, in the ifland of 
Marajo % twenty miles fouth-fouth-weft of Engenho-real. 
JOA'O MARTI'NO, a final! ifland in the Indian Sea. 
Lat. 10. 8. S. Ion. 42. 54. W. 
JOA'O de NO'VA, a fmall ifland in the channel of 
Mozambique. Lat. 16. 58. S. Ion. 40. 34. E. 
JOA'O de NO'VA, two fmall iflands in the Indian 
Sea. Lat. 9.30. S. Ion. 49.14. E. 
JOAR, a town of Africa, in the kingdom of Burfali, 
furrounded with palifades, to keep off wild beads: ten 
miles fouth of Kower. 
JOAR, f. A general maffacre of the women and chil¬ 
dren, which is fometimes performed by the Hindoos, 
when they find they cannot prevent the enemy from taking 
the town ; a place is filled with wood, Itraw, oil, &c. 
where the victims are enclofed, and it is let on fire. See 
the article Hindoostan. 
JOAR'TAM, a town and kingdom of the ifland of 
Java, in the north-eafl: part of the ifland. 
JOARY'A, a town of Bengal: fifty-five miles fouth of 
Iflamabad. 
JO'ASH, or Jehoash, king of Judah, was the fon of 
Ahaziah ; and at the time of his father’s death, when 
Athaliah endeavoured to fecure her poffeflion of the throne 
by the maffacre of all the remaining princes of the race 
of David, was fecretly preferved from the flaughterby his 
aunt Jehofheba, the wife of Jehoiada the high-pried. He 
was privately brought up in the temple, under Jehoiada’s 
care, till he was feven years of age; when the tyranny 
and impieties of Athaliah, who had reigned fix years, de¬ 
termined Jehoiada to difclofe to fome of the chiefs and 
elders of Judah, upon whofe valour and fidelity he could 
depend, the fecret of Joalh’s prefervation. Having bound 
them under the ftriclelt oaths of fecrecy, he Ihowed them 
the young prince, and ftrenuoufly exhorted them to unite 
in a glorious effort for eftablifhing his rights, and their 
own religion and liberty. Filled with the higheft joy at 
finding that one of the race of their legitimate monarchs 
Itill furvived, they immediately took the oath of fidelity 
to him, and engaged privately to raife what forces they 
could to fuppdrt his caufe; while it was concerted that 
Jehoiada fhould ftrengthen himfelf in the temple, by arm¬ 
ing all the priefts, Levites, and Nethinims. The bufinefs 
was conducted with fuch fecrecy and difpatch, that they 
were foon ready for the projected enterprife ; and, when 
the day appointed for it was come, the temple was filled 
with armed men, while a fufficient number were without, 
ready to fupport them upon the firlt fignal. Joafli was 
then brought out into the prieft’s porch, where the high- 
priefi:anointed and crowned him; and he was placed upon 
the throne, with the acclamations of all the people. Atha¬ 
liah, hearing the noife of the multitude, ventured to come 
with her attendants into the temple ; and, as foon as fhe 
faw the young king fieated on the throne, furrounded with 
a number of armed men, fhe endeavoured to fecure the 
fupport of her partifans by crying out Treafon. By Je¬ 
hoiada’s orders fhe was immediately feized, and, after be¬ 
ing dragged out of the temple, was put to death. Joafli 
afcended the throne in the year 878 B. C. During the 
life of Jehoiada, that prince difpiayed uncommon zeal for 
the worf’nipof the true God ; all the temples and altars of 
Baal were delfroyed throughout the whole kingdom of 
Judah ; order and good government were reftored, in civil 
as well a§ religious affairs ; and the dilapidations which 
had been made in the temple were repaired. But after 
his death, the king, who had no liability of character, was 
feduced by the bale princes of Judah to permit the refto- 
ration of idol-worfliip, and joined them in their impious 
ceremonies. This ungrateful defection provoked the fe- 
vere admonitions of different prophets,' who forewarned 
them of the miferies which their criminal conduCt, if per¬ 
illed in, would produce; and among others of Zechariah, 
the worthy foa and fucceflor of Jehoiada in the liigh- 
prielthood. Him the impious king caufed to be Honed to 
J © A 
death in the court of the temple, without awy regard 
the facrednefs of the place, or to the great fervices of his 
father, to whom he was indebted both for his life and 
kingdom. When thefe admonitions had failed in pro¬ 
ducing any good effect, and the king and the nobles Hill 
perfifted in their impieties, they were delivered into the 
hands of Hazael, That fcourge of the Ifraelites now ad¬ 
vanced againfl Jerufalem, and, in different aClions, made 
a terrible flaughter of thofe Jewifh princes who had bees* 
the firlt authors of the defection. In this extremity, Joafli 
was reduced to the neceffity of purchafing an ignominious 
temporary peace, by Stripping the temple and his own 
palace of all their riches, and giving them as a ranfom ta 
the Syrian conqueror. Joafli was now vifited with a griev¬ 
ous clifeafe, as a puniffiment for his idolatry, and, while 
confined to his bed 5 was cut off by a conspiracy among 
his own fervants, in the fortieth year of his reign, or 83S 
B. C. See 2 Kings xi. xii. 2 Chron. xxii.-xxiv. 
JO'ASH, or Jehoash, king of Ifrael, was the fon of 
Jehoahaz, who made him fharer with himfelf in the fove- 
reign power, of which he came into the full pofleffion o* 
his father’s death, in the year 839 B. C. Like his.ancef- 
tors, he was addicted to the idolatry introduced by Jero¬ 
boam the fon of Nebat ; but was permitted by Providence 
to become the instrument of preventing the utter ruin of 
the Ifraelites, and giving them further time for repent¬ 
ance, by his fpirited refinance to the deflruCtive invafiou 
of the Syrians. He appears to haye difpiayed his valour, 
with confiderable fuccefs, during the life of his father 5 
and after his death, encouraged by the predictions of the 
prophet Elilha, he gained important advantages over that 
domineering nation. By his martial courage and conduCt, 
in three fucceffive victories, he recovered all the places 
which they had taken from his predeceffors. Having 
fent a confiderable body of troops as auxiliaries to the 
army of Amaziah king of Judah, in an expedition againff 
Edom, owing to the remonftrances of a prophet they 
were difmiffed without being employed ; at which treat¬ 
ment they were fo exafperated, that they ravaged the 
country on their return home. This broke all friendlhip 
between the two monarchs; and Amaziah, who returned 
victorious from Edom, was fo elated with his fuccefs, 
that he challenged Joafli to meet him in the field of battle. 
To his challenge the king of Ifrael returned the molt 
fcornful and mortifying anfwer, which concluded with 
advice to Amaziah to rell contented with his victories 
over the Edomites, and not to feek deftruCtion by pro¬ 
voking him to hoililities. This anfwer tended only to 
increafe the enmity of the two kings, who haftened to try 
their Strength in arms. Their forces met at Bethfliemelh, 
where Judah was totally defeated by the Ifraelites, and 
Amaziah himfelf taken prifoner. Jofephus fays, that 
Amaziah’s troops were feized with fuch a panic, that they 
turned their backs at the firll onfet, without Unking a 
ftroke, leaving their king at the mercy of the enemy. 
Joafli immediately proceeded with his captive to Jerufalem, 
where Ire obliged him to ranfom himfelf at the expence 
of all the gold and filver which were found either in the 
temple or the royal treafury ; after which, having demo- 
lilhed a confiderable part of the city wall, and taken hos¬ 
tages, moll probably by way of fecurity for the payment 
of fome imposition or tribute, he returned to Samaria. 
Joafli died about twelve months after he had gained this 
victory, in the year 823 B. C. and the feventeentli of his 
reign. See a Kings xiii. xiv. 2 Chron. xxv. 
JO'ATHAM, [Hebrew.] A man’s name. 
JOB', f. [A low word, now much in ufe, of which I 
cannot tell the etymology. Joknfon.'] Petty piddling work ; 
a piece of chance-work. A low, mean, lucrative, bufy, 
affair.—He was now with his old friends, like an old fa¬ 
vourite of a cunning miniller after the job is over. Ar-> 
buthnot. 
No check is known to blulh, no heart to throb. 
Save when they lofe a question, or a job.- Pope. 
A fuddeu flab with a Sharp instrument. 
Tt 
