278 7 I P II v 
TPHID'AMUS, a fon of An tenor,- killed by Agamem¬ 
non. Homer. 
IPHIGE'NIA, a daughter of Agamemnon and Clytem- 
neftra. When the Greeks, going to the Trojan war, were 
detained by contrary winds at Aulis, they were informed 
by one of the foothfayers, that, to appeafe the gods, they 
muft facrifice Iphigenia, Agamemnon’s daughter, to Di¬ 
ana. The father, who had provoked the goddefs by kill¬ 
ing her favourite flag, heard this with the greateft horror 
and indignation ; and, rather than {bed the blood of his 
daughter, he commanded one of his heralds, as chief of 
the Grecian forces, to order all the afiembly to depart 
each.to his refpeitive home. Ulylfes and the other gene¬ 
rals interfered, and Agamemnon conlented to immolate 
his daughter for the common caufe of Greece. As Iphi¬ 
genia was tenderly loved by her mother, the Greeks fent 
for her on pretence of giving her in marriage to Achilles. 
Clytemneltra gladly permitted her departure, and Iphige¬ 
nia came to Aulis ; here (he faw the preparations for the 
bloody facrifice; {he implored the forgivenefs and protec¬ 
tion of her father, but tears and entreaties were unavail¬ 
ing. Calchas took the knife in his hand, and, as he was 
going to ftrike the fatal blow, Iphigenia.fuddenly difap- 
peared, and a hind of uncommon fixe and beauty was 
found in her place for the facrifice. This fupernatural 
change animated the Greeks ; the wind fuddenly became 
favourable, and the combined fleet fet fail from Aulis. 
Iphigenia’s innocence had raifed the compaflion of the 
goddefs, on whole altar (he was going to be facrificed, and 
the carried her;to Taurica, where (he entrufted her with 
the care of her temple. .In this facred office Iphigenia 
■was obliged, by the command of Diana, to facrifice all 
the ftrangers who came into that country. Many had 
already been offered as viftims on the bloody altar, when 
Oreftes and Pylades came to Taurica. Their mutual 
and unparalleled friendlhip, dilclofed to Iphigenia that 
one of the ftrangers whom fhe was going to facrifice was 
lifer brother ; and, upon this, {he confpired with the two 
friends to fly from the barbarous country, and carry away 
the ftatue of the goddefs. They fuccefsfully effected 
their enterprife, and murdered Thoas, who enforced the 
human facrifices. According to fome authors, the Iphi¬ 
genia who was facrified at Aulis was not a daughter of 
Agamemnon, but a daughter of Helen by Thefeus. Ho¬ 
mer does not fpeak of the facrifice of Iphigenia, though 
very minute in the defeription of the Grecian forces, ad¬ 
ventures, Sec. The ftatue of Diana, which Iphigenia 
brought away, was afterwards placed in the grove of Ali¬ 
cia in Italy. 
IPHIME'D.IA, a daughter of Triopas, who married 
the giant Aiceus. She fled from her hulband, and had 
two fons, Otus and Ephialtes, by Neptune, her father’s 
father. Homer ., ( 
IPHIN'OE, one of the principal women of Lemnos, 
who confpired to deftroy all the males of the ifland after 
. their return from a Thracian expedition. Flaccus. 
IPIIIN'OUS, one of the centaurs. Ovid. 
I'PHIS, daughter of Lygdus and Telethufa, of Crete. 
When Telethufa was pregnant, Lygdus ordered her to 
deftroy her child if it proved a daughter, becaufe his po¬ 
verty could not afford to maintain an ufelefs charge. The 
fevere orders of her hulband alarmed Telethufa, and fhe 
would have obeyed, had not Ifis commanded her in a 
dream to fpare the life of her child. Telethufa brought 
forth a daughter, which was given to a nurfe, and palled 
for a boy, under the name of Iphis. Ligdus continued 
ignorant of the deceit; and, when Iphis was come to the 
years of puberty, her father refolved to give her in mar¬ 
riage to Ianthe, the beautiful daughter of Teleftes. A 
day to celebrate the nuptials was appointed ; but Tele- 
tliufa and her daughter were equally anxious to put ofF 
the marriage; and, when all was unavailing, they implored 
the affiftance of Ifis, by whofe advice the life of Iphis had 
been preferved. The goddefs was moved ; (he changed 
I P o 
the fex of Iphis; and, on the morrow, the nuptials were 
confummated with the greateft rejoicing. Ovid. Met. 
IPH'ITUS, king of Elis, fon of Praxonides, in the age 
of Lycur-guSi He re-eftabliflied the Olympic games 338 
years after their inftitution by Hercules,' or about 884 
years before the Chriftian era. This epoch is famous in 
chronological hiftory, as every thing previous to it feerns 
involved in fabulous obfeurity. Paterculus. 
IP'HOFEN, a town of the duchy of Wurzburg: fif¬ 
teen miles eaft-fouth-ealt of Wurzburg, and five call of 
Kitzingen. 
I IT ALES, a town of South America, in the province 
of Popayan : thirty-fix miles fouth of Pafto. 
IP'OCRAS, f. A made wine. The receipt for making 
it is in Arnold’s Chronicle, or Cuftoms of London.—-Sir¬ 
rah, fet down the candle, and fetch us a quart of ipocras. 
Green's Tu quoque. 
Menage approves the conjefture of thofe who derive ipo¬ 
cras from Hippocrates, as l’uppofmg him the inventor of 
it; but we may better deduce it from the manica Hippocrath, 
or Hippocrates’s ileeve, u(ed in the filtration of it. See 
Hippocrates’s Sleeve, vol. x. There are various kinds 
of ipocras, 'Recording to the kind of wine, and the other 
additional ingredients made ufe of; as white ipocras, red 
ipocras, claret ipocras, ftrawberry ipocras, ipocras with¬ 
out wine, cider ipocras, See. That directed in our late 
College Difpenlary, is to be made of cloves, ginger, cinna¬ 
mon, and nutmegs, beat, inruled in canary, with fugar ; 
to the infufion, milk, a lemon, and fome flips of rofemary, 
are to be put, and the whole {trained through a flannel. 
It is recommended as a cordial, and is good in paralytic 
and nervous cafes. 
LPOL, a river of Hungary, which runs into the Da¬ 
nube near Gran. 
IPOMCE'A,/! [from 1-^, convolvulus, and og.tuc;, like- 
nefs; from its fimilitude to the convolvulus.] Quamo- 
clit ; in botan}', a genus of the clafs pentandria, order 
monogynia, natural order of campanaceae, (convolvuli, 
JuJf.) The generic characters are—Calyx : perianthium 
five-toothed, oblong, very fmall, permanent. Corolla : 
onfe-petalled, funnel-form; tube fubcylindric, very long; 
border five-cleft, fpreading ; divifions oblong, flat. Sta¬ 
mina: filaments -five, awl-fliaped, almoft.the length of the 
corolla ; anthers roundiffi. Piftillum : germ roundifli ; 
ltyle filiform, length of the corolla; ftigma headed-globde. 
Pericarpium : caplule roundilh, three-celled. Seeds fome, 
fubovate. This genus is rather too nearly allied to Con¬ 
volvulus ; but differs in the lengthened tube of the co¬ 
rolla, and the headed ftigma.— FJfential Character. Corol¬ 
la funnel-fonn ; ftigma headed-globofe ; capfules three- 
celled. 
Species. I. Flowers diftinff. 1. Ipomoea quamoclit, or 
winged-leaved ipomoea: leaves pinnatifid, linear; flowers 
in racemes, pendulous. This is an annual plant, riling with 
two oblong pretty broad feed-leaves, which remain a con- 
iiderable time before they fall off. Stems (lender, twining, 
and riling by fupport to the height of feven or eight feet; 
lending out leveral fide-branches, which twine about each 
other and the principal Item, and about any neighbour¬ 
ing plants. The leaves are compofed of feveral pairs of 
very fine narrow lobes, not thicker than fine fowing- 
thread, about an inch long, of a deep green, either oppo- 
fite or alternate. The flowers come out fingly from the 
fide of the ftalks, on {lender peduncles about an inch long. 
The tube of the corolla is about the fame length, narrow 
at bottom, but gradually widening to the top ; where it 
fpreads open flat, with live angles; it is of a mold beauti¬ 
ful fcarlet colour, and makes a fine appearance. Lotireiro 
affirms that the capfule is ufually four-celled, which per¬ 
haps may be oVving to his-having feen it only in a ftate of 
luxuriance from cultivation ; for he does not fay that he 
obferved it wild in China and Cochin-china. Browne fays 
it is cultivated in many of the gardens of Jamaica, on ac¬ 
count of its beautiful flowers, and minutely-diffeded 
thick 
