IRELAND. 
part of the country; but from the place of his conceal¬ 
ment he iffued a proclamation, in which he ftyled Himlelf 
General of the Northern Diftrift, and endeavoured, but 
without fuccefs, to feduce the people by language which 
on former occafions had become familiar to their ears. 
On Emmett’s apprehenfion, Ruffel fecretly repaired to 
Dublin, with a view- to refcue him, if pcflible, under fa¬ 
vour of fome popular commotion ; but was himfelf taken 
into cuftody, and conveyed to Downpatrick, where he was 
fhortly afterwards brought to trial, and convicted on the 
cleared evidence of treafon. After his trial, he manifefted 
all that wildnels of religious enthufiafm, which had for 
fome time formed the prominent feature of his character. 
Not long after the execution of Emmett and Rufl'el, Quig¬ 
ley and Stafford were apprehended in the county of Gal- 
\vay; but government, fatisfied with the examples already 
made, fpared their lives, and releafed the other untried 
prifoners on condition of their making a full difclofure of 
the circumftances yet unknown of their treafon. Dwyer, 
and the band of outlaws whom he commanded in the 
mountains of Wicklow, convinced of the imprafficability 
of any treaf'onable attempt, fubmitted all’o on condition that 
their lives fhould be fpared ; and thus, whatever remained 
of the rebellion of 1798, and the conspiracy of 1803, was 
completely deftroyed, and buried in the fame grave. 
The development and confequences of this laft at¬ 
tempt, naturally excited confiderable fenfation through 
every portion of the Britifh empire. An invefligation 
into the affair, and punifhment of the culpably negligent, 
if fuch there fhould be found, were univerfally looked for 
as a matter at once of right and of neceffity. No fuch 
proceeding, however, took place; but blame of the moft 
ferious nature was deemed generally attributable to the 
government of Ireland ; and this, the friends of the lord- 
lieutenant and commander-in-chief endeavoured, in mu¬ 
tual recrimination, to affix on each of thofe characters. 
The refult was the removal of general Fox, the com¬ 
mander-in-chief. Lord Hardwicke was continued in his 
fltuation till the year 1807, when he was fucceeded by 
the duke of Richmond. 
Since this event nothing worthy of hiftoric record has 
occurred in Ireland. Some partial difturbances have in¬ 
deed taken place in certain diftri&s, chiefly on account of 
the obnoxious manner in which the tythes are collected; 
and it may alfo be obferved, that the efforts of the Roman 
catholics to obtain an equality of rights with their pro- 
teltant fellow-fubjefts have been unremitted, but hitherto 
(Auguft 1811) unfuccefsful. 
GENERAL VIEW, and PRESENT STATE. 
The fuperficial content of Ireland is computed at 
30,730 fquare miles, or 19,439,960 Englifh acres. Of this 
number it is calculated that the lakes, rivers, fites of 
towns and houfes, and utterly irreclaimable land, com- 
prife 1,185,585; that the unreclaimed and comparative¬ 
ly unproductive land comprehends 4,800,000; leaving 
J 3 , 454,375 acres, or above two-thirds, as the amount of 
the fertile land in Ireland. 
In regard to fltuation, Ireland pofleffes extraordinary 
facilities for commercial intercourfe with the richeft and 
moil fertile regions of the globe. Independently of this 
important advantage, it has not fewer than one hundred 
and thirty harbours and roads on its extremely-finuous 
line of fea-coaft, meafuring upwards of one thoufand fe- 
ven hundred miles; fo that between each of thefe har¬ 
bours or roads, taken one with another, there are not 
thirteen miles and a half of fea-coaft, or, what amounts to 
the fame thing, all parts of the fea-coaft are on an average 
within lefs than fix miles and a quarter of fome fafe an¬ 
choring-place or harbour. Many of the harbours may 
rank in all refpeCts with the nobleft in the world, and fe- 
veral of them even excel thofe of which any other country 
can boaft. In proof of this affertion, it is only neceffary 
to mention Lough Swilly, Bantry Bay, Cork Harbour, 
and the River Shannon. 
Vol. XI. No. 759. 
Ireland being fituated nearly in the fame parallel with 
England, the difference of climate cannot be fuppofed to 
be very material. In refpetd to mildnefs or equability, 
the climate of Ireland is Impaired by that of few coun¬ 
tries. The intenfe frofts and heavy fnows whicli fo long 
interrupt the labours of the hufbandman, and obftrucl the 
internal communication, in regions lying in the fame la¬ 
titude, are here but rare and tranfient. The atmofphere 
of Ireland is certainly more humid than that of England' 
in general; but it is obferved that this humidity proves 
by no means infalubrious: on the contrary, being gene¬ 
rally accompanied with an increafed agitation of the air, 
the inhabitants enjoy better health during the prevalence 
of the wet winds which blow from the Atlantic Ocean 
than at other times. 
The whole ifland is divided into four large provinces, 
and thofe again into thirty-two counties; which, with the 
number of houfes, as taken in 1792, are as follow ; 
I. Ulster. 
Counties . 
Antrim 
Armagh - 
Cavan - - 
Down - 
Donegal - 
Fermanagh 
Londonderry 
8. Monaghan . 
9. Tyrone 
1, 
2. 
3 - 
4 - 
5 - 
6 . 
7 - 
Houfes. Extent, C 3 c. 
3°,314^ Length 
68 "1 
22,900 
18,139 
38,351 
24,976 
11,983 }>-Parifhes 
Breadth - - 98 > miles, 
Circumference 460 } 
Irifli plant, acres 2,836,837 
Englifh acres - 4,491,205 
22,836 
21,566 
31,814 
222,879 
Boroughs 
Baronies - - 
Archbifhopric 
Bilhoprics 
J Market-towns 
365 
29 
55 
1 
6 
58 
r. Carlow - - 
2. Dublin - - - 
3. Kildare - - 
4. Kilkenny - - 
5. King’s County 
6. Longford - - 
7. Lowth - - 
8. Eaft Meath 
9. Queen’s County 
10. Weft Meath - 
n. Wexford - - 
12. Wicklow - - 
II. Leinster. 
8)3941 Length 
25,108 
10,605 
i7)719 
14,96! 
10,348 
12,827 
- - 104 -J 
- - 55 k miles, 
rence 360 j 
Breadth 
Circumference 36c 
Irifh acres - - 2,642,958 
Englifh - - - 4,281,155 
Parifhes - - 858 
Boroughs - 53 
- 23,133 {'’Market-towns 63 
Archbifhopric 1 
Bifhoprics - 3 
15,685 
i 3 » 95 i 
21,011 
11,507 
185,249 
Rivers; the Boyne, Bar- 
row, Liffy, Noir, and 
May, 
III. Munster. 
Clare - - 
Cork - - 
Ke’rry - - 
Limeric 
Tipperary 
Waterford 
18,050 
76,739 
20,213 . 
28,932 j 
3 o ,793 1 
- 18,796 
193,523 
fLength - - soof 
Breadth - - 107^ miles. 
Circumference 600 j 
Irifh acres - - 3,289,932 
Englifh - - - 5,329,146 
Parifhes - - 740 
Boroughs 
Baronies - - 
Archbifhopric 
L Bifhoprics 
26 
63 
1 
6 
IV. Connaught. 
Galway 
Leitrim 
Mayo - - 
Rofcommon 
Sligo - - 
24,268 
13,378 
90 
80; 
miles. 
Length - - 
Breadth - - 
Circumference 500. 
20682 Itifh acres - - 2,272,915 
; !0 3 ' 68 '^ 
14,962 
100,448 
Parifhes 
Boroughs 
Baronies - - 43 
Archbifhopric i 
^Bifhopric - 1 
In regard to navigable rivers, fcarcely any country is 
more highly favoured than Ireland. Befides a vaft num¬ 
ber of rivers, feveral of which are navigable, and many 
confiderable, which lofe themfelves in others in the ir.te- 
4 Y rior 
