391 
IRS 
rould not qualify him to go through with that difficult 
reformation, whilft he had a fuperior in the church, who, 
having the reins in his hand, could llacken them, and 
•was thought to be the more remifs to irritate his choleric 
difpofition. Clarendon. —To fret; to put into motion or 
diforder by any irregular or unaccultomed contaft; to 
ftimulate; to vellicate.—Cold maketh the fpirits vigorous, 
and irritateth them. Bacon. —To heighten ; to agitate; to 
enforce.—Air, if very cold, irritateth the flame, and maketh 
it burn more fiercely, as fire fcorcheth in frofty weather. 
Bacon. 
Rous’d 
By dafli of clouds, or irritating war 
Of fighting winds, while all is calm below, 
They furious fpring. Thomfon. 
IR'RITATING, f. The aft of exafperating. 
IRRITA'TION, f. \irritatio , from irritare, Lat.] Pro¬ 
vocation; exafperatiofl. Stimulation; vellication.—Vio¬ 
lent affeftions and irritations of the nerves, in any part of 
the body, are caufed by fomething acrimonious. Arbuthnot. 
IRROGA'TIO,/. A law-term amongft the Romans, 
fignifying the inftrumeht in which were put down the 
punilhments which the law provided againft fuch offences 
as any perfon was accufed of by a magiflrate before the 
people. Thefe punifhments were firft proclaimed viva voce 
by the accufer, and this was called inquijitio: the fame, 
being immediately after exprefled in writing, took the 
name of rogatio, in refpeft of the people, who were to be 
confulted or afked about it, and was called irrogatio in 
refpeft of the criminal, as it imported the mulft or pu- 
nifhment afiigned him by the accufer. 
IRROMAN'GO, or Erramango, one of the New He¬ 
brides iflands, is about twenty-four or twenty-five leagues 
in circuit; the middle of it lies in lat. 18. 54. S. Ion. 169. 
19. E. The inhabitants are of the middle fize, and have 
a good fhape and tolerable features. Their colour is very 
dark; and they paint their faces, fome with black, and 
others witlr red, pigment: their hair is curly and crifp, 
and fomewhat woolly. Few women were feen, and thofe 
very ugly: they wore a petticoat made of the leaves of 
fome plant. The men were quite naked, excepting a belt 
tied about the waift, and a piece cf cloth, or a leaf, ufed 
for a wrapper. No canoes were feen in any part of the 
ifland. They live in houfes covered with thatch : and their 
plantations are laid out by line, and fenced around. An 
■unlucky fcuffle between the Britifh lailors and thefe people, 
in which four of the latter were defperately wounded, pre¬ 
vented captain Cook from giving any particular informa¬ 
tion concerning the produce &c. of this illand. 
To IR'RORATE, v. a. [from ros, Lat. dew.] To be¬ 
dew ; to moiften. Bailey. 
IRRORA'TION,/. The aft of bedewing; the ftate of 
being moiftened with dew. Bailey. 
IRR'SUMIT, a town of Eaft Greenland. Lat. 61. 10. 
N. Ion.45. 35. W. 
IR'RUENT, adj. [from rtto, Lat. to rufli.] Rulhing in. 
Cole. 
IRRUGA'TION,/. [from ruga, Lat. a wrinkle.] The 
ftate of being drawn up in wrinkles. Cole. Not much ufed. 
IRRUM'PENT, adj. [from rumpo, Lat. to break.] Break¬ 
ing into. Scott. 
IRRUP'TION, f. [Fr. irruptio, Lat.] The aft of any 
thing forcing an entrance.—There are frequent inun¬ 
dations made in maritime countries by the irruptions of 
the lea. Burnet. 
I refrain too fuddenly 
To utter what will come at laft too foon; 
Left evil tidings, with too rude irruption. 
Hitting thy aged ear, Ihould pierce too deep. Milton. 
Inroad ; burft of invaders into any place.—Notwithftand- 
ing the irruptions, of the barbarous nations, one can fcarce 
imagine how fo plentiful a foil Ihould, become fo miferabiy 
unpeopled. Addifm . 
I s 
IR'SHEMESH, [Hebrew.] The name of a place. 
IRSIO'LA,/ in botany. See Cissus. 
IRSSO'A, a fmall ifland near the coaft of Portugal, on 
the fouth fide of the mouth of the Minho. Lat. 41. 50. N. 
Ion. 8. 36. W. 
IRT, a river of England, in the county of Cumberland, 
which runs into the Irilh lea near Ravenglafs. 
IRTETZ'KOI, a fortrefs of Ruflia, in the government 
of Upha, on the Ural: eighty-eight miles weft of Orenburg. 
IR'THING, a river of Cumberland, which runs into 
the Eden two miles eaft of Carlifle. 
IR'THINGBOROUGH, a townfhip of England, in 
Northamptonlhire: two miles north-weft of Higham Fer- 
rars. 
IR'TISCH, a large river of Alia, in Siberia, which llfes 
among the hills of the country of the Kalmucks, and, 
running north-eaft, falls into the Oby nearTobolfk. It 
abounds with filh, particularly fturgeon and delicate 
falmon. 
I'RU, [Hebrew.] A man’s name. 
IRUA'HASH, [Hebrew.] A man’s name. 
IR'VAN. See Erivan, vol. vi. p. 905. 
IR'VIN RIVER is a weftern head-water of the Neusy 
in North Carolina. 
IR'VINE, a feaport town of Scotland, and royal bo¬ 
rough, in the county of Ayr, fituated at the mouth of a 
river of the fame name; united with Inverary, Ayr, Roth- 
fay, and Campbeltown, to fend one member to parliament. 
The principal trade is exporting coal to Ireland : the 
harbour is near half a mile from the town. In the year 
1790, the number of veflels which belonged to this port 
was fifty-one, the tonnage of which amounted to 3682. 
tons: the largeft 160 tons; the fmalleft 33; knd about 
24,000 chaldrons of coals are exported annually; confi- 
derable quantities of woollen goods and carpeting, muf- 
lins, lawns, gauzes, and linen, are likewife exported from 
the manufacturing towns. The principal imports are 
hemp, iron, deals from Memel and Norway, fliip-timber, 
and corn. In 1801, the number of inhabitants was 4584, 
of whom 3961 were employed in trade and manufactures^ 
thirty-one miles fouth-well of Glafgow, twelve north of 
Ayr. Lat. 55. 39. N. Ion. 4. 34. W. 
IR'VINE, a river of Scotland, which rifes in fome 
mountains that form a boundary between the counties 
of Ayr and Lanerk, and runs into the Frith of Clyde a 
little below the town of Irvine. 
I'RUN, or Iron. See Yrun. 
IR'VON, or Yrvon, a river of Wales, which runs into 
the Wye at Builth in the county of Brecknock. 
I'RUS, a beggar of Ithaca, who executed the com- 
miflions of Penelope’s fuitors. When Ulyfles returned, 
home, difguifed in a beggar’s drefs, Irus hindered him 
from entering the gates, and even challenged him. Ulyfles 
brought him to the ground with a blow, and dragged him 
out of the houfe. Horn. Od. 
IR'WELL, a river of England, in the county of Lan- 
cafter, which runs into the Merfey feven miles above 
Warrington. 
IS. [iy, Sax. See To Be.] The third perfon Angular 
of To be: I am, thou art, he is .— He that is of God hear- 
etli God’s words. John viii. 47. 
My thought, 
Whofe murther yet is but fantaftical. 
Shakes fo my Angle ftate of man, that fimftion ' 
Is fmother’d in furmife; and nothing is, 
But what is not. Shakefptare, 
It is fometimes exprefled by ’s; but improperly where 
the plural number is intended.—There’s fome among you 
have beheld me fighting. Skakefpeare. 
IS, a fmall river falling into the Euphrates : its waters 
abound with bitumen.—A fmall town on the riyer of the 
fame name. 
IS SUR TIL'LE, a town of France, and principal 
place 
