I s c 
I S A 
hoeing thefe plants is the fame as for turnips, with this 
difference only, that thefe plants need not be thinned fo 
much; for at the firft hoeing if they are feparated to the 
diftance of three or four inches, and at the laft to fix 
inches, it will be fpace enough for the growth of the 
plants; if this is carefully performed, and in dry weather, 
molt of the weeds will be deftroyed; but, as fome of them 
may efcape in this operation, and young weeds will arile, 
the ground fhould be a fecond time hoed in Oftober, al¬ 
ways c'hoofing a dry time for this work. At this fecond 
operation, the plants fhould be fingled out to the diftance 
they are to remain. After this, the ground will be clean 
from weeds till the fpring, when young weeds will come 
up ; therefore, about a fortnight in April will be a good 
time to hoe the ground again, when the weeds will be 
young, and it may be performed in lefs than half the time 
it would require if the weeds were permitted to grow 
JaTge, and the fun and wind will much fooner kill them : 
tins hoeing will alfo ftir the furface of the ground, and 
greatly promote the growth of the plants. If it is per¬ 
formed in dry weather, the ground will be clean till the 
firfl: crop of woad is gathered, after which it muft be again 
well cleaned. If this is carefully repeated after the ga¬ 
thering of each crop, the land will always lie clean, and 
the plants will thrive the better. The expence of the firfl 
hoeing will be about fix fhillings per acre; and for the 
after-hoeings half that price will be fufficient, provided 
they are performed when the weeds are young; for, if 
they are fuffered to grow large, it will require more la¬ 
bour, nor can it be fo well performed; therefore it is not 
only the beft hufoandry to do this work foon, but it will 
be found the cheapeft method; for the fame number of 
men will hoe a field of ten acres three times, when it is 
performed while the weeds are young, as is required to 
hoe it twice only, becaufe the weeds have longer time to 
grow between the operations. If the land in which the 
feed is fown, fhould have been in culture before the other 
Crops, fo not in good heart, it will require drefting before 
it is fown, in which cafe’ rotten ftable-dung is preferable 
to any other; but this fhould not be laid on till the laft 
ploughing before the feeds are fown, and not fpread but 
as the land is ploughed, that the fun-may not exhale the 
goodnefs of it, which in fummer is foon loft, when fpread 
on the ground. The quantity fhould not be lefs than 
twenty loads to each acre, which will keep the ground in 
heart till the crop of woad is fpent. 
“ The time for gathering the crop is according to the 
feafon, but it fhould be performed as foon as the leaves 
are fully grown, while they are perfectly green ; for, when 
they begin to change pale, great part of their goodnefs is 
over; the quantity will be lefs, and the quality greatly 
diminifhed. If the land is good, and the crop well huf- 
banded, it will produce three or four gatherings, but the 
two firft are the belt; thefe are commonly mixed together 
In the manufacturing of it, but the after-crops are always 
kept feparate ; for, if thefe are mixed with the other, the 
whole will be of little value. The two firft crops will fell 
at from twenty-five to thirty pounds a-ton ; but the latter 
will not bring more than feven or eight pounds, and 
fometimes not fo much. An acre of land will produce a 
ton of woad, and in good feafons near a-ton and a-half. 
When the planters intend to fave the feeds, they cut three 
crops of the leaves, and then let the plants ftand till tire next 
year for feed; but, if only one crop is cut, and that only 
of the outer leaves, letting all the middle leaves ftand to 
nourifh the ftalks, the plants will grow ftronger, and pro¬ 
duce a much greater quantity of feeds. Thefe feeds are 
often kept two years, but it is always beft to fovv new 
feeds when they can be obtained. The feeds ripen in 
Auguft; when the pods turn to a dark colour, the feeds 
■fhould be gathered; it is beft done by reaping the ftalks 
in the fame manner as wheat, fpreading them in rows 
■upon the ground, and in four or five days the feeds will 
be fit to threfh out, provided the weather is dry ; for, if it 
lies long, the pods will open and let out the feeds. There 
V'OL.XI. No. 7 6 z, 
397 
are fome of the woad-planters who feed down the leaves 
in winter with iheep, which is a very bad method ; no 
plants which are to remain for a future crop fhould ever 
be eaten by cattle, for that greatly weakens the plants.” 
See Indigofera tinctoria. 
It may not be amifs to add a few words relative to the 
other forts, none of which are cultivated for ufe, but are 
preferved only in botanic gardens. The fecond and fifth 
Sorts are propagated by feeds fown in autumn, and when 
the plants come up they muft be thinned, leaving them 
fix inches apart, and kept clean from weeds ; the lummer 
following they will flower and produce ripe feeds, after 
which they foon decay. The third and fourth are too 
tender to thrive in the open air in England. Sow the 
feeds on a hot-bed in the fpring, and, when the plants are 
fit to remove, tranfplant them into a frelh hot-bed ; as 
foon as they have taken new root, give them a large fhare 
of frefh air, to prevent their being drawn up weak. In 
this bed they may remain five or fix weeks, by which time 
they will be fit to tranfplant into pots, which fhould be 
plunged into a moderate hot-bed, giving the plants plenty 
of air when the weather will permit, and fupporting their 
ftalks, which will otherwife trail on the ground; with this 
management the plants will flower in June, and ripen their 
feeds in September. 
ISAU'RA, or Isaurus, in ancient geography, a ftrong 
city at Mount Taurus, in Ifauria, twice demolifhed: firft 
by Perdiccas, or rather by the inhabitants, who, through 
defpair, deftroyed themfelves by fire, rather than fall into 
the hands of the enemy ; again by Servilius, who thence 
took the furname Ifauricus. Strabo fays there were two 
Ifauras, the old and the new, but fo near that other writers 
took them but for one. 
ISAU'RIA, a county touching Pamphylia and Cilicia 
on the north, rugged and mountainous, fituated almoft in 
Mount Taurus, and taking its name from Ifaura; accord¬ 
ing to fome, extending to the Mediterranean by a nattow 
flip. Stephanus, Ptolemy, and Zofimus, make no men¬ 
tion of places on the fea; though Pliny does, as alfo StrA- 
bo; but doubtful, whether they are places in Ifauria Pro¬ 
per, or in Pamphylia, or in Cilicia. 
ISAU'RICA, a part of Lycaonia bordering on Mount 
Taurus. 
IS'BACH, a river of France, which runs into the Ulfe 
feven miles fouth-eaft of Manderfcheidt. 
ISBAR'TEH, a town of Afiatic Turkey, in Natolia, 
the refidence of a pacha. The Greeks have four churches 
in the fauxbourgs: ninety-two miles fouth of Kiutaja. 
Lat. 37. 44.. N. Ion. 30. 56. E. 
IS'BASTER, one of the fmaller Shetland iflands. Lat. 
60. 34. N. Ion. o. 58. W. 
ISBEL'IBURG, a town of Egypt, on the coaft of the 
Mediterranean : four miles fouth of Damietta. 
IS'BY, a town of Sweden, in the province of Halland; 
fix miles fouth-eaft of Laholm. 
IS'CA, or rather Ica, with Pifca and Nafca, three 
towns from which a jurildiCtion of Lima in Peru, South 
America, has its name. Great quantities of wine are made 
here, and exported to Calao; it alfo produces excellent 
olives, either for eating or for oil. The fields, which are 
watered by trenches, yield an uncommon plenty of wheat, 
maize, and fruits. This jurifdiction is remarkable for 
fpacious woods of cajob-trees, with the fruit of which the 
inhabitants feed numbers of affes, for the ufes of agricul¬ 
ture in this and the neighbouring jurifdictions. The In¬ 
dians who live near the fea apply themfelves to fiihing, 
and after faking the fiflr carry them to a good market in 
the towns among the mountains. 
IS'CA DUMNIO'RUM, in ancient geography, a town 
in Britain ; now Exeter, capital of Devonfliire. Called 
Caer-ljk in Britilh, (Camden.) 
IS'CA SILU'RUM, in ancient geography, the ftatioa 
of the Legio II. Augufta, in Britain. Now Caerleon, a 
town of Monmouthfliire, on the Ulke. 
IS'CAH, [Heb. one that anoints.] The name of a woman. 
S I ISCAM'PI, 
