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ISCAM'PI, a town of European Turkey, in Albania: 
fix' miles' fouth-weft of Albafania. 
IS'CAR, a town of Spain, in Old Caftile: twenty-four 
miles north-north-weft of §egovia. 
ISCA'RTOT, [of uncertain derivation.] The cogno¬ 
men of Judas the traitor. See Judas. 
ISCA'RIOTH, thenarne.of a town in the land of Ifrael. 
ISCHAs'MAjy. Medicines for flopping blood. 
ISCH'FE'MUM, f. [from \zy(a, I reprefs, and a,ipa, 
blood ; on account of its virtue in flopping haemorrhages.] 
In botany, a genus of the ciafs polygamia, order monoe- 
cia, in the natural order of gramina, or grafles. The 
generic characters are—Calyx: glume two-flowered, bi¬ 
valve, cartilaginous, placed tranlverfely; valves nearly 
equal; the exterior fubovate, gibbofe, with bifid tip, fharp, 
the- upper part of the back flat in the middle, ftriated, 
emarginated ; the interior oblong, acuminate or awned at 
the tip, the back beneath the tip increafed by a longitu¬ 
dinal membrane. Flofcule exterior, male, interior, her¬ 
maphrodite; each lefs than calyx. Corolla: in the her¬ 
maphrodite a bivalve glume; valves membranaceous, thin, 
colourlefs ; the exterior bellied, either mutic or awned, 
bifid to the very awn, acute ; awn long, flender, jointed, 
tortile beneath; the interior lanceolate, acute, condu- 
plicate at the edges. In the male a bivalve glume, rather 
firmer, diaphanous, rather coloured; the exterior oblong, 
bellied, contradled above, fharp, mutic - r the interior ob¬ 
long, obtufe, with concave back, acutely margined, mar¬ 
gin thinner. Neffary in each two-leaved ; leaflets fmall, 
fpatulate, truncate-emarginate. Stamina: filaments three, 
capillary, fliort; anthers oblong, bifid on both fides. 
Piflillum: in the hermaphrodite, germ oblong; ftyles two, 
capillary, erect, fhorter than the corolla; ftigmas oblong, 
plumofe, fpreading, exferted. Pericarpium : none ; ca¬ 
lyx and corolla unchanged. Seed: (in the hermaphrodite) 
Angle, oblong, linear, convex on one fide. The flowers 
are fpicated, and grow double ; the one fubfeflile, the 
other feated on a broad glumaceous foot-ftalk; each her¬ 
maphrodite .—EJfmtial CkaraEltr. Hermaphrodite : calyx, 
glume two-flowered ; corolla two-valved; ftamina, three; 
ftyles, three; feed, one. Male. Calyx, and corolla, as in 
the other] ftamina, three. 
Species, i. Ifchaemum muticum, or awnlefs ifchaemum: 
leaves lanceolate; flowers awnlefs. Spike two-parted, 
imbricated, with alternate Ample two-flowered angular 
peduncles, prefled clofe to the culm. One flower termi¬ 
nates each peduncle, which is hermaphrodite, from a two- 
glumed one-flo*vvered calyx ; the fecond or lower flower 
is androgynous, fefiile, and inferted into each peduncle at 
the outer bafe, from a two-valved hardifh calyx, the 
length of the florets, of which it contains two, one male, 
the other female. Stigmas thick, bearded. Peduncle of 
the fpike clothed with leaves. Culms a foot or eighteen 
inches high, leafy to the very fpike, frequently branched 
to the bale. Leaves two inches long,aciliate-fpinulofe on 
"the edges. Native of the/Eaft Indies, and of the ifle of 
Tanna. 
2. Ifchsemum ariftatum, or awned ifchaemum: leaves 
lanceolate, calyxes two-flowered, pedicels ciliate; each fe¬ 
male flower with a twilled knee-jointed awn. The ih uc- 
ture of the fpike and of the flowers is entirely the fame 
as in the preceding, but the culm is higher, the fpike 
longer, and the peduncle naked. The feeds are armed 
with a twilled awn, longer than the florets. Native of 
China, where it was found by Olbeck. 
3. Ifchsemum imberbe, or beardlefs ifchsemum : leaves 
lanceolate ; florets naked, outer valve of the fefiile calyx 
having two knobs on each fide, and the corolla elongated 
by a twilled awn.- Culms two feet high, leafy, lbme- 
what branched. Leaves like thofe of the firft fort, but 
longer. Spike alfo lijce that, but awned, and without hairs. 
Native of the Ealt Indies. 
4. Ifchsemum barbatum, or bearded ifchsemum : leaves 
lanceolate, calyxes two-flowered; bearded at the bafe. 
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and ciliate at the edge] the edge of the felflle one with 
two knobs on each Jide; awn twilled, knee-jointed. 
Culm and leaves as in the preceding, only the latter 
lliorter. Native of Java, where it was found by Wen- 
nerberg. 
5. Ilchsemum murinum, or wall .ifchaemum: fpike two^ 
parted; calyx and feeds-awned. Culms filiform, flender, 
Ample, a long fpan in height. Leaves linear, acuminate, 
flattifh, ftriated, dry, a fpan long. Sheaths thin, lax, with 
the little membrane very Ihort, and having hairs placed 
on it. Peduncle filiform, upright, frequently naked. 
Spike clofely converging, cylindrical, two inches long, re- 
fembling that of Hordeum murinum, or wall barley-grafs, 
whence the name. Florets on one fide, diftich, in pairs, 
one fefiile, the other pedicelled, minute, being fcarcely a 
line in length befides the awns. A minute membrane 
invefts the germ, having a flexuofe awn four times as 
long as the floret, which may be confidered as the nec¬ 
tary. Native of the ifle of Tanna, on dry fand, near the 
coaft. 
6. Ifchsemum involutum, or involuted ifchsemum: fpike 
directed one way, awnlefs ; four-flowered, involved in a 
leafy concave receptacle. Native of the Society Ifles, and 
el few here between the tropics. Found in the ifland of 
Otaheite, May 13, 1774. 
7. Ifchaeum importunum, or troublefome ifchaemum : 
panicle contracted; corollas one-valved. Root perennial, 
Apple, long, jointed, white, very tough. Culm three feet 
high, almolt upright, round, hollow, thickifh. Leaves 
awl-fhaped, fliort. Flowers ovate, fmooth, awnlefs, fmall. 
Seed awnlefs. Native of Cochin-china, where it is a 
common weed, not eafily eradicated. 
8. Ifchaemum rugofum, or wrinkled ifchaemum : outer 
barren glumes tranlverfely wrinkled ; male and female 
florets fertile, one only awned. Root annual. Plant front 
feven inches to a foot in height. Stems pale green, flen¬ 
der, decumbent, bent back, branched dichotomoufly, 
round, little jointed, fmooth, ftriated, fomewhat rigid. 
Leaves pale green, denfe, except one or two of the upper 
ones, which are more remote. Native of the Eaft Indies, 
and found by Koenig in OrilTa, on the borders of the rice- 
fields. Cultivated by Richard Anthony Salifbury, efq. at 
Chapel-Allerton, before 1791. See Andropogon and 
Panicum. 
IS'CHALIS, or Is'calis, in ancient geography, a town 
of the Belgae in Britain. Now llckejler, in Somerfetfhire, 
on the river III. 
ISCHE'NIA, an annual feftival at Olympia, in honour 
of Ifchenus, the grandfon of Mercury and Hierea, who, 
in a time of famine, devoted himfelf for his country, and 
was honoured with a monument near Olympia. 
IS'CHIA, ail ifland of Italy, in the kingdom of Naples, 
about fifteen miles in circumference, lying on the coaft 
of the Terra di Lavoro, from which it is three miles dis¬ 
tant. It is full of agreeable valleys, which produce ex¬ 
cellent fruits. It hath alfo mountains on which grow 
vines of an excellent kind ; likewife fountains, rivulets, 
and fine gardens. « 
IS'CHIA, a town of Italy, and capital of an ifland of 
the fame name, with a bifhop’s fee and a ftrong fort. 
Both the city and fortrefs Hand upon a rock, which is 
joined to the ifland by a ftrong bridge; the rock is about 
feven furlongs in circumference. The city is like a py¬ 
ramid of houles piled upon one another, which makes a 
very Angular and linking appearance. At the end of the 
bridge next the city are iron gates, which open into a 
fubterraneous pafiage, through which they enter the city. 
They are always guarded by foldiers who are natives of 
the ifland. Lat. 40. 50. N. Ion. 13. 55. E. 
ISCHIAD'IC, adj. [nGr.] In anatomy, an 
epithet to the crural vein; in pathology, the ifchiadic paf- 
fion is the gout in the hip, or the fciatica. 
IS'CHIAS, f. [Greek.] The fciatica, or hip-gout; 
a branch of the crural vein. 
3 XS'CHIM, 
