()j(> K E L 
a period to his life. He was*the author of fix plays be¬ 
tides that above-mentioned. 
KEL'LYSBURGH, a townlhip of the American States, 
in Chittenden county, Vermont, at the head of the north 
branch of La Moille River. 
KEL'MESEK, a town of Afiatic Turkey, in Natolia: 
twenty-eight miles eaft of Pergamo. 
KELMEE', a town of Hindooftan, in the Baglana 
country, on the coait: iixteen miles north of Bafteen. 
KEL'MO, a town of Sweden, in Eaft Gothland : twen¬ 
ty-three miles north of Linkioping. 
KELIMAR', a town of Afiatic Turkey, in Caramania, 
near the coait of the Mediterranean: twelve milfes well of 
Selef keh. 
■ KELO'GRA BU'RUN, a cape on the coait of Bulga¬ 
ria. Lat. 4.3. 45. N. Ion. 28. 17. E. 
KELP, f. A fait produced from calcined fea-weed.— 
In making alum, the workmen ufe the allies of a fea-weed 
called kelp, and urine. Boyle on Colours. 
Different fpecies of fea-weed, belonging to the genus 
Fucus, Salicornia, &c. are cultivated for the purpofe of 
being employed in the manufacture of green glafs. Thefe 
plants are thrown on the rocks and Ihores in great abun¬ 
dance; and in the lummer-months are raked together and 
dried as hay in the fun and wind, and afterwards burnt to 
the allies called kelp. The procefs of making it is this : 
The rocks, which are dry at low water, are the beds of 
great quantities of fea-weed ; which is cut, carried to the 
beach, and dried ; a hollow is dug in the ground three or 
four feet wide; round its margin are laid a row of Hones, 
on which the fea-weed is placed, and fet on lire within ; 
and, quantities of this fuel being continually heaped upon 
the circle, there is in the centre a perpetual flame, from 
which a liquid like melted metal drops into the hollow 
beneath ; when it is full, as it commonly is ere the dole 
of day, all heterogeneous matter being removed, the kelp 
is wrought with iron rakes, and brought to an uniform 
confidence in a Hate of fufion. When cool, it confolidates 
into a heavy dark-coloured alkaline fubllance, which un¬ 
dergoes in the glafs-houfes a fecond vitrification, and 
when pure affumes a perfeft tranfpnrency. See Chemis- 
V TRY, vol. iv. p. 259. 
In the year 1807, Mr. Samuel Phelps, of Cuper’s bridge, 
Lambeth, obtained a patent for a method of making 
kelp, barilla, and other alkali, by fermentation, or other 
means, in addition to combuftion. “The kali,fea-wrack, 
wormwood, heath, &c. which afford alkali, are to be cut, 
and flightly dried ; and then they are to be mixed with 
light dung, ft raw, hay, or any dried weeds, in order to 
give a greater firmnefs to the mafs. The whole is to be 
formed into Hacks, like hay, fo as to be defended from 
rain, and undergo fermentation-, which having taken place, 
the mafs is to be burnt in an open pit, or kiln, or fur¬ 
nace, in the ufual mode; and, towards the end of the com¬ 
buftion, the lire is to be railed, fo as to fufethe faline re- 
Jidue. Another method is this : When the Hacks have 
remained till they are c&mpletely rotten, the alkali is le- 
parated by firft expoling the mafs to the air to dry and 
become carbonated, and then feparatir.g the faline matter 
by iixiviation and evaporation ; and, laftly, by incineration 
in the pit, kiln, or furnace, and the lublequent treat¬ 
ment as ufually practifed.” We are farther informed by 
the patentee, that the prod lift of alkali, in wet feafons, is 
much lefs in quantity than that which is obtained from 
plants of the fame nature and quality without expofure 
to the aftion of rains ; and that the caufe of this effett is, 
that the alkali naturally exudes from plants during expo¬ 
fure to the air, and is carried off from time to time by "the 
fhowers that fall, fo that the plant or weed becomes ex- 
haulted, previous to the combuftion to which it is aftcr- 
■ wards fubjefted. He farther ftates, that the fermentative 
procefs, as above deferibed, prevents the vvafte of the al¬ 
kali, and favours the general action of the chemical affi¬ 
nities, fo as to afford a greater quantity of alkali from like 
quantities of the laid plants or weeds, than is afforded by 
the ordinary methods of operation. 
K E M 
On the Ihores of the llerile ifiands of Scotland, this ma¬ 
nufacture muft be deemed a matter of importance, lince in 
many of them the value of the kelp exceeds that of the landed 
property; and one inltance is given in the Tran'factions of 
the Highland Society, vol. i. wherein the annual produce of 
keip is above thirty times the value of the rental of theilland. 
KEL'SAL’s ISLAND, a fmall illand in the Mergui 
Archipelago, feparated from the fouth-eaft extremity of 
the illand of St. Sufanna by Alderley’s Straits. Lat". 10. 
27. N. 
KEL'SEY, a town of Hindooftan, in Conean : fix miles 
weft of Choule. 
KEL'SO, a town of Scotland, in the county of Rox¬ 
burgh, iituated on the river Tweed at its conflux with the 
Tiviot; with a bridge acrols the Tweed, built in the year 
1750 ; and another, either built, or intended to be built, 
over the Tiviot. It is governed by a baron-baily, and fif¬ 
teen ftent-ntafters ; the former, and leven of the latter, 
appointed by the duke of Roxburgh, who is lord of the 
manor. The office of the ftent-mafters is under the au¬ 
thority of the baron-baby, to levy a fent, or rate, on the 
inhabitants, for the fuppiy of water, repairing the Itreets, 
Sec. During the wars.between the Englilh and the 
Scotch, Keilo was burned down three times by the former. 
In the latter end of the feventeenth century, it was deftroy- 
ed by an accidental lire ; and in the middle of the lad by 
another. At prefent it is a handfome town, with a large 
market-place, and four principal Itreets, with two fmall 
ones. Here are the remains of a celebrated abbey, founded 
by St. David, king of Scotland, in the twelfth century : 
forty-two miles fouth-fouth-eaft of Edinburgh, and 33S 
north of London. Lat. 55. 38. N. Ion. 2. 19. W. 
KEL'SON,/. [more properly kitlfon.] The wood next 
the keel.—We have added clofe pillars in the royal Ihips, 
which, being faftened from the kdfon to the beams of the 
fecond deck, keep them from fettling, or giving way. 
Raleigh. 
KEL'STENBACH, a river of France, which runs into 
the Mofelle with the Naedt. 
KEL'STERBACH, a town of Ileffe Darmftadt: ten 
miles north of Daimftadt, and two fouth-weft of Hochft. 
KEL'TAN, a town of Thibet: forty miles eaft-north- 
enft of Laffa. 
ICELTANPUSUAC'LIAN, a town of Thibet: fifty- 
four miles weft of Sgigatche. 
KEL'TSCH, a town of Moravia, in Prerau: fourteen 
miles eaft of Prerau. 
KEL'VAN, a town of Perfia, in Farfiftan : eighteen 
miles eaft-north-eaft of Schiras. 
KEL'VEH, a town of Perfia, in the province of Me- 
cran, on the Nehenk : 280 miles fouth-eaft of Zareng. 
Lat. 28.50. N. Ion. 65.48. E. 
KEL'VIN, a river of Ireland, in the county of Lon¬ 
donderry, which runs into the Roe about four miles foutlx 
of Newtown Limavaddy. 
KEL'VIO, a town of Sweden, in the province of Ulea: 
nine miles eaft-north-eaft of Gamla Karleby. 
KE'LYN, a river, of Wales, which runs into the Dee 
in the county of Merioneth. 
KEM, a river of Ruffia, which runs into the White 
Sea at Kemi. 
KE'MA, a town on the eaft coaft of the illand of Ce¬ 
lebes. Lat. 1.8. N. Ion. 125.2. E. 
KE'MAC, a fortrefs of Mefopotamia, on the borders of 
Natolia; taken by Timur Bee in 1402 : twenty miles weft 
of Arzendgian. 
KEMAOO'N, a country of Alia, feudatory of Thibet, 
feparated from Hindooftan by lofty mountains, fituated 
to the north of Oude and Rohilcund. 
KE'MAR, a town of Afiatic Turkey, in Natolia ; eight 
miles fouth of Sinob. 
KEMA'TEN, a town of the county of Tyrol: fix miles 
weft of Infpruck. 
To KEMB, v. a. [cccmban, Sax. kammen, Germ, now 
written, perhaps lefs properly, to comb.'] To leparate or 
difentangle by a denticulated inftrument; 
1 Thy 
