K E R 
K E R 
685 
which refembles that of vegetable kermes, is one of the 
preparations of antimony ; it is the red hydro-fulphurated 
oxyd of antimony. M. Cavezzali, in the Annales de 
Chimie, gives an account of feveral experiments upon 
this fublfance, from which he deduces the following co¬ 
rollaries : x. The kermes mineral is .only oxyd. of anti¬ 
mony combined with fulphurated hydrogen and a fmaU 
portion of fulphur. a. The kermes isfoluble in the alka¬ 
line hydro-fulphurets, but is infoluble in the alkalis. 3. 
Sulphur never combines with the alkalis without the help 
of the decompofition of water, by means of caloric. 4. 
In the dry way, the alkaline hydro-fulphuret receives from 
the at.mofphere (with which it has much affinity) the wa¬ 
ter requifite for its formation. 5. Water, both in the 
dry and humid way, by its decompofition, promotes the 
oxydalion of the antimony; while its hydrogen unites 
with the fulphur and alkali, fo as to form an alkaline hy¬ 
dro-fulphuret, the only folvent of oxyd of antimony. 6. 
The kermes is held in folution by the excefs of alkali, and 
it remains long in this Hate. The more or lefs rapid pre¬ 
cipitation of the kermes is owing to variations in the 
caufticity of the alkalis. 7. The caufes which determine 
the precipitation are, ift, the excefs of water in the lixi¬ 
vium, which, by feparating the molecules of the alkali, 
diminifh their capacity to retain the oxyd of antimony ; 
and, 2dly, the abforption of carbonic acid gas by the al¬ 
kalis. 8. The colour of the kermes is various, in confe- 
quence of the greater or lefs degree of oxygenation of the 
antimony. 9. This oxyd of antimony has fo great an af¬ 
finity tor oxygen, that it imbibes it from the atmofphere, 
and lofes its colour. 10. This lofs of colour is produced 
by the united aftion of oxygen and light, xi. The pre¬ 
cipitation ought to be made in a place in which there is 
neither too great a current of air nor too much light. 12. 
Cold water injures the beauty of the kermes, and there¬ 
fore water moderately hot fhould be employed. 13. Rain¬ 
water is the beft for this procefs, becaufe the lelenite, 
which is commonly prefent in fpring-water,.is found to 
be very injurious. See the article Chemistry, vol. iv. 
P * 76 . 
KER'MES OAK-TREE. See Quercus. 
KER'MILIS. See Karmelis. 
KER'MISE, a town of Arabia, in the province of 
Nedsjed : fixty-five miles fouth-fouth-eaft of Jamama. 
KERN, f. An Irifh foot-foldier ; an Irifh boor.—Out 
of the fry of thefe rake-hell horfeboys, growing up in 
knavery and villainy, are their kearn fupplied. SpcnJer. 
juftice had, with valour arm’d, > 
Compell’d thefe {kipping kernes to truft their heels. Shakcfp. 
A horn ; a hand-mill confifting of two pieces of {tone, by 
which corn is ground. It is written likewife quern. It is 
{till ufed in fonre parts of Scotland. 
To KERN, v. n. [probably from kernel, or, by change 
of a vowel, corrupted from corn. ] To harden, as ripened 
corn.—When the price of corn falleth, men break no 
more ground than will fupply their own turn, where¬ 
through it falleth out that an ill kerned or faved harveft 
foon emptieth their old llore. Carew.— To take the form 
of grains; to granulate.—The principal knack is in mak¬ 
ing the juice, when fufficiently boiled, to kern or granu¬ 
late. Care zv. 
To KERN, v. a. To form into grains ; to turn milk 
into curds ; to corn ; to powder with fait. 
KERN el HU'TIN, a mountain of Palefirine, from 
whence it is faid our Saviour delivered his divine fermon; 
called the Mountain of Beatitudes : ten miles north of 
Gibel el Tor, or Tabor. 
KER'NAS CLE'DEN, a town of France, in the de¬ 
partment of the Morbihan : fix miles eaft-fouth-eaft of 
La Faouet, and twelve north of Hennebon. 
KERN'BULG, one of the Trefhanifii Iflands. Lat. 
56. 33. N. Ion. 6. 23. W. 
KER'NEL, f. [cyjinel, a gland, Sax. karne, Dut. cer- 
neau, Fr. ] The edible fubftance contained in a {hell.— 
Vol. XI. No. 787. 
There can be no kernel in this light nut ; the foul of this 
man is his clothes. Shakefpcare. 
As brown in hue 
As hazel-nuts, and fweeter than the kernels. ShakefpearST 
Any thing included in a hulk or integument.—Oats are 
ripe when the (traw turns yellow and the kernel hard. Mor¬ 
timer's Hnfbandry. 
The kernel of a grape, the fig’s fmall grain, 
Can cloath a mountain, and o’en'hade a plain. Denham. 
The feeds of pulpy fruits.'—I think lie will carry this 
ifland home in his pocket, and give it his fon for an apple ; 
and, lowing the kernels of it in the fea, bring forth more 
iflands. Shakejp. Tempejl. —The central part of any thing 
upon which the ambient ftrata are concreted.—A jfolid 
body in the bladder makes the kernel of a ltone. Arbuthnot. 
—Knobby concretions in tumors. 
To KER'NEL, v. n. To ripen to kernels.—In Stafford- 
{hire, garden-rouncivals fown in the fields kernel well, and 
yield a good increafe. Mortimer's llujbandry. 
KER'NEL-WATER, J. Brandy impregnated with the 
kernels of apricots and other fruits. 
KER'NEL-WORT, or Fig-wort, /. An herb. See 
Scrophularia. 
KER'NELLED, adj. [from the French crenelle .] Fur- 
niflied with openings as a battlement. 
KER'NELLING, /. The aft of forming into kernels. 
KER'NELLY, adj. Full of kernels ; havyig the qua¬ 
lity or refemblance of kernels. 
KERN'ING, /. The impregnation of vegetables ; the 
firft formation of feeds and fruits; the aft of forming into 
grains. With type-founders, the method of forming cer¬ 
tain letters, the extremities of which hang over the body 
of the metal, as f, f, and many other of the Italic and 
Greek charafters. 
- KERO'NA, a town of Hindooftan, in the circarof Go- 
hud : fifteen miles north of Datteah. 
KE'ROS, [Hebrew.] A man’s name. 
KEROW'LY, a town of Hindooftan, in the country of 
Agra: twenty-fix miles eaft-louth-eaft of Rantampour, 
and feventy-four fouth-weft of Agra. Lat. 26,27. N. 
Ion. 77. 28. E. 
KER'PA,/ in botany. See Sacckarum. 
KER'PEL, a river of Rufiia, which runs into the fea 
of Azoph thirty-two miles north of Kopiel. 
KER'PEN, a town of France, in the department of 
the Roer, heretofore a town in the circle of Weftphalia, 
erefted into a county by Charles VI. in the year 17x2. 
The Roman month was twelve florins: ten miles eaft- 
fouth-eaft of Juliers. Lat. 50. 25. N. Ion. 6.41. E. 
KER'RAII, a town of Hindooftan, in Guzerat, bn the 
gulf of Cambay : fixty-five miles fouth-fouth-weftof Gogo. 
IvERRE'RA, one of the fmaller Weftern Iflands of 
Scotland, near the coaft of Argyle, where Alexander II. 
died in 1249, while endeavouring to wreft the iflands out 
of- the hands of the Norwegians : twelve miles louth of 
Lifmore. Lat. 56. 23. N. Ion. 5. 32. W 
KER'RI, a town of the Arabian Irak, at the conflux 
of the Tigris and Euphrates: fifty miles north-weft of 
BaiTorah. 
KERROO', a town of Hindooftan, in Vifiapour : twelve 
miles north-weft of Baddammy. 
KERROUDAR', a town of Hindooftan, in the fubah 
of Delhi : five miles north-vceft of Panniput. 
KER'RUM, or Carana, a mixed tribe of Hindoos. 
See the article Hindoostan, vol. ix. p. 122. 
KER'RY, a county of Ireland, in the province of 
Munfter, bounded on the north by the river Shannon, on 
the eaft by the counties of Limeric and Cork, on the 
fouth by Cork and the fea, and on the weft by the lea; 
about fifty-four miles from north to fouth, and from eigh¬ 
teen to forty from eaft to weft. It contains about 19.400 
houfes, and 107,000 inhabitants. Kerry is full of moun¬ 
tains, almoft inacceflible ; fo that a large part of it is 
hardly fit for habitation culture, conlequently but lit- 
S M ' tie 
