& E S 
paved with marble, and other features of grandeur, dif- 
played one of the moil beautiful and vaft edifices of Afia ; 
for the circumference of the palace and gardens is faid to 
have been from fix to feven French miles. At prefent 
the capital is only defended by a quick-hedge ot bam¬ 
boos. In the neighbourhood is quartered a body of fol- 
diery : the arfenal and other magazines of ammunition 
being on the banks of the river. On the other fide is the 
Chinefe town, ellabliflied by precaution; nor are other 
ftrangers allowed to enter the city without a fpecial per- 
miffion. Pinkerton. 
KF/SI, in Hindoo mythology, a monfter flain by Vilh- 
nu, or Krifiina. 
KESI'AH. See Cushai, vol. v. 
KESIR'MAK, a town of Poland, in the palatinate of 
Braclaw, near the Dniefter: feventy-two miles fiouth of 
Braclaw. 
KESI'TAH, f. This word is to be met with in Genefis 
and in Job, and is tranflated in the Septuagint and Vul¬ 
gate “lheep or lambs:” But the rabbins and modernjn- 
terpreters are generally of opinion, that kefitah fignifies 
rather a piece of money. Bochart and Eugubinus are of 
opinion the Septuagint meant minx, and not lambs; in 
Greek kecatomnon, ena.ToiJ.vuy, inftead of exarov ctjj.vuv. Now 
a mina was worth 60 Hebrew fliekels, and confequently 
61 . 16s. ro|d. fterling. M. de Pelletier of Rouen is of 
opinion, that kefitah was a Perfian coin, (tamped on one 
fide with an archer ( kefitah , or kefetk, in Hebrew fignifying 
“ a bow”), and on the other with a lamb ; that this was 
a gold coin known in the eaft by the name of a dark, 
25s. fterling. Several learned men, without mentioning 
the value of the kefitah, fay it was a filver coin, the im- 
preftion whereof was a fheep, for which reafon the Sep¬ 
tuagint and Vulgate tranflate it by this name. Calmet is 
of opinion, that kefitah was a purfe of gold and filver. 
In the eaft they reckon at prefent by purfes. The word 
kijla in Chaldee fignifies “a meafure, or vefiel.” And 
Euftathius fays, that kijla is a Perfian meafure. Jonathan 
and the Targum of Jerufalem tranflate kejitak a pearl. 
Gen. xxxiii. 19. Job xlii. 11. 
KESKEBE'H, a town of Afiatic Turkey, in Natolia: 
twenty miles north-eaft of Efldfhhehr. 
KES'KER, or Ku'rab, a town of Perfia, in the pro¬ 
vince of Ghilan, on the coaft of the Cafpian Sea: twenty- 
five miles north-weft of Refhd. 
KESOCOT'TY, a town of Thibet : forty miles fouth 
of Gangotri. 
KESOO', a town of Hindooftan, in the Lahore : twenty- 
five miles eaft-north-eaft of Jullindar. 
KESREKU'PRI, a town of Afiatic Turkey, in Cara- 
mania : twenty-four miles fouth-fouth-eaft of Kir-fhehr. 
KES'SEL, a town of France, in the department of the 
Roer, on the weft fide of the Meufe : feven miles north 
of Ruremond. 
KES'SEL SEE, a lake of Carinthia : fix miles north of 
Welach. 
KES'SELDORF, a town of Saxony, in the margravate 
of Meiflen ; where the troops of Saxony were defeated by 
the king of Pruflia in the year 1745 : feven miles weft of 
Drefden. 
KESSELGONG', a town of Bengal: fix miles north- 
eaft of Conchong. 
KES'SENBURG, a town of Penfylvania : thirty-one 
miles weft-fouth-weft of New-York. 
KES'SILGUM, a river of Wales, which runs into the 
Avon, two miles below Dolgelly, in the county of 
Merioneth. 
KEST, the prefer tenfe of cajl. It is (fill ufed in Scot¬ 
land.—Only that noife heav’n’s rolling circles keji. Fairfax. 
KES'TEN, a town of Syria : twenty-five miles weft of 
Aleppo. 
KES'TENUS, a town of Afiatic Turkey, in Natolia: 
twenty miles fouth of Amafich. 
KES'TREL, /. A little kind of baftard hawk. See 
K E S GS7 
Falco, vol. vii. p. 191. —Kites and kejlreh have a refem- 
blance with hawks. Bacon. 
His kejlrel kind, 
A pleafing vein of glory, vain did find. Fairy Queen. 
KES'VVICK, a town of England, in the county of 
Cumberland, fituated on the Derwentwater; with confi- 
derable manufactures of woollen (tuffs, flannels, duffels. 
See. The environs are defervedly praifed from their pic- 
turefque beauties, and annually vifited by great numbers 
of ftrangers. There is a market on Saturday: thirty miles 
north of Kendal, and 287 north-north-weit of London. 
Lat. 54. 1. N. Ion. 3. 2. W. 
A mufeum was opened a few years ago at Kefwick, of 
which Mr. Peter Croflthwaite is proprietor and founder. 
It is vifited by numerous parties of the nobility, gentry, 
and others, and is rapidly advancing in ufefulnefs and ce¬ 
lebrity. Having lately received a large donation of very 
great curiofities from the eaftern world and other foreign 
climes. Mr. Croflthwaite claims the merit of having firlt 
invented, in the year 1768, the cork boat or life boat, the 
model and papers relating to which, intended for the in¬ 
flection of the lords of the admiralty, were loft or mif- 
laid in London. In May 1800, he publifhed, in the Cum¬ 
berland papers and in the Star, an advertifement which fet 
forth forty-two capital inventions and dilcoveries, made 
by him, moftly aimed for the general good. He has, fince 
its appearance, made two other difeoveries, one of which 
is a copious fpring of molt extraordinary water, more 
pure than the celebrated medical fprings of Malvern Hills, 
in Worcefterfliire, in the proportion of at lead four to 
one; and it has been agreed by gentlemen of the faculty, 
that it is owing to their purity alone, that the Malvern 
waters cure the lcurvy, fcrophula, cancers, putrid and 
feetid ulcers, with other difeafes. Mr. Croflthwaite has 
tried this Kefwick water upon four patients. It cured the 
firlt of the gravel and the ftone, in little time; the other 
three, who were alfo much afflifted with the fame diforder, 
were confiderably better in a few days. This fpring is fi¬ 
tuated in the lordfhip of Brundholm, about 280 yards 
north-weft of Kefwick-bridge, and nine yards from the 
Cockermouth-road, and fronts the weft; it is raifed by a 
leaden pump. 
Black lead is a mineral peculiar to this country, and 
no-where elfe hitherto found in Europe. It lies mixed 
amongii the gravel and earth on the thore of a place near 
Kefwick called Vicar's [/land. It is found but in very tri¬ 
vial quantities in leveral mines here, and it may alfo in 
other counties ; but the foie mine in which it is found by 
itlelf is on Borrowdale, about fix miles from Kefwick. It 
is there called zvadd-, and, when it was firft difeovered, the 
people ufed it to mark their flieep : it was afterwards in¬ 
troduced into medicine, and taken in powder for the cure 
of the cholic and gravel, but it has been fince applied to 
many other purpofes. It ferves to fcour, clean, and give 
a luftre to, wrought iron, and defends it from rult; it is 
applied in the varnifhing crucibles and other earthen vef- 
fels that are to be expoled to the fierceft fire, which end 
it anfwers effeftually: but, after all, the great confump- 
tion of it is in two articles; in dying, to fix blues fo that 
they may never change theircolour, and in pencils. Their 
being confined to this country is fo well known, and fo 
univerfally allowed, that they are from thence ftyled abroad 
Crayons d'Angleterre. It rifes from hence that this fub- 
ftance is little known to foreigners, the molt learned of 
whom fpeak of it very confufedly, and with much uncer¬ 
tainty. The mine before-mentioned is private property; 
is opened but once in feven years, and the quantity known 
to be equal to the confumption in that fpace fold at once 3 
and, as it is ufed without any preparation, it is more va¬ 
luable than the ore of any metal found in this iftand. But 
there is nothing improbable, much lefs impofllble, in fup- 
pofing that other, and it may be many other, ufes will be 
difeovered in medicine, painting, dying, varnifhing, or 
1 . pottery. 
