K I L 
Bukharia, deriving its name, like the other provinces of 
this country, from its chief city. 
KILANG'. See Kelang, p. 654. 
KILANO'I, a town of Sweden, in Weft Bothnia: 105 
miles north of Tornea. 
KI'LAR, a town of Perfia, in the province, of Irak : 
fourteen miles fouth-eaft of Taheran. 
KILA'RE, a town of Sweden, in Weft Bothnia: ninety 
miles north of Tornea. 
KILBARCHAN', a town of Scotland, in the county 
Renfrew. Here are fome bleach-fields, and manufactures 
of linen : four miles weft of Paifley. 
KILBEG'GAN, a port, fair, and borough, town of 
Ireland, in the county of Weftmeath and province of 
Leinfter, forty-four miles from Dublin. It formerly re¬ 
turned two members to the Irifli parliament; it is feated on 
the river Brofna, over which there is a bridge. There 
was here a monaftery founded in 1200, and dedicated to 
the Virgin Mary, and inhabited by monks from the Cif- 
tertian abbey of Melefont. The fairs are two. 
KILBIR'NIE, a town of Scotland, in Ayrfhire. The 
chief employment of the inhabitants is in the filk manu¬ 
facture: eight miles north of Irvine. 
KILBRAN'NIN SOUND, a ftrait between the Ifle of 
Arran and the fouth part of the county of Argyle, in 
Scotland. 
KIL'BRIDE (Eaft), a fmall village in Lanarklhire, 
about ten miles fouth-eall from Glafgow. It is remarka¬ 
ble for fome Roman antiquities, which have engaged the 
attention of antiquarians, who have publifhed detailed 
accounts of various curiofities found and dug up in this 
neighbourhood. At prefent the great quantities of fine 
lime, which are worked in its neighbourhood, engage a 
confiderabiy greater portion of attention, as it is found of 
great advantage to the whole furrounding diftriCt, both 
for the purpoles of agriculture and building. 
KIL'BBRIDE (Weft), a fmall village contiguous to 
the firth of Clyde, in Ayrfhire. 
KIL'BURG, a town of France, in the department of 
the Jarre, and chief place of a canton, in the diftriCt of 
Prum. The place contains 561, and the canton 4307, in¬ 
habitants, in 26 c-ommunes. 
KIL'BURN, a village of Middlefex, two miles and a 
half north-weft from London, in the parifti of Hampftead, 
famed for a fine fpring of mineral water, belonging to a 
tea-drinking houfe called Kilburn Wells. In the reign 
of Henry I. Godwin built a hermitage here, which after¬ 
wards became a nunnery of the order of St. Benedict. 
In 1537, the fite was granted to the priory of St. John of 
Jerufalem, and, when that monaftery w^as diflolved, to the 
earl of Warwick; fince which time it has been in various 
hands. There are now no remains of this nunnery ; but 
the fite of it is very diftinguifhable in the Abbey-field, 
near the tea-houfe. The wells lie to the right of the 
Edgeware road, in a dry meadow, and fpring about twelve 
feet: below the furface. The diameter of the well near the 
furface is about five feet; and the depth of water two feet 
in rummer, increafing in w inter, at times, to three feet. 
The water is not perfeftly bright, but rather of a milky 
hue ; its tafte is mildly bitterifli, with little or no brilk- 
nefs. On dipping for the water, or otherwife agitating it, 
a fulphureous fmell is perceived, which, in a gentle 
warmth, foon goes off; fo that this water cannot be ex¬ 
pended to bear tranfportation without lofing the hepatic 
air in which the fmell confifts. This is attributed to the 
fixed air in the water having a great affinity to phlogifton ; 
in confequence of which the hepatic air is decompofed or 
'deftroyed, in proportion as the fixed air is developed. 
Twenty-four pounds avoirdupois of the water are found 
to contain 84 cubic inches of fixed air, and nearly 36 of 
hepatic air; mo grains of vitriolated magnefia ; 352 of 
vitriolated natron, or Glauber’s fait; 160 of muriated mag¬ 
nefia; 75 cf muriated natron ; 162 of felenite ; fmall quan¬ 
tities of magnefia and calcareous earth combined with fixed 
air; and a little calx of iron and relinous matter. 
K I L 711 
KLILCALMO'NIL, a town of Scotland, in the county 
of Argyle, and peninfula of Kyntyre: feventeen miles north 
of Campbelton. 
KILCON'NEL, a fmall poft-town or village of the 
county of Galway, Ireland : feventy-eight miles weft from 
Dublin, and twenty-five eaft from Galway. 
KIL'DA (St.) one of the Hebrides, or Weftern ifiands 
of Scotland. It lies in the Atlantic ocean, about 58° 
30' north latitude ; and is about three Englilh miles in 
length from eaft to weft, and its breadth from fouth to 
north not lefs than two. It is the moft wefterly ifiand be¬ 
longing to Great Britain, there being as yet difcovered no 
land between it and North America. Its ancient name 
was Hirta. 
The ground of St. Kilda, like much the greateft part of 
that over all the Highlands, is much better calculated for 
palture than tillage. Reftrained by idlenefs, a fault or 
vice much more pardonable here than in any other part of 
Great Britain, or difcouraged by the form of government 
under which they live, (fee vol. ix. p. 291.) the people of 
the ifiand ftudy to rear up fheep, and to kill wild-fowl, 
much more than to engage deeply in the more toilfome 
bufinefs of hulbandry. All the ground hitherto culti¬ 
vated in this ifiand lies round the village. The foil is 
thin, full of gravel, and of confequence very (harp. This, 
though naturally poor, is however rendered extremely 
fertile by the Angular induftry of very judicious hulband- 
men, who prepare and manure every inch of their ground, 
fo as to convert it into a kind of garden. All the inftru- 
ments of agriculture they ufe, or indeed require, accord¬ 
ing to their fyftem, are a fpade, a mail, and a rake or har¬ 
row. After turning up the ground with a fpade, they 
rake or harrow it very carefully, removing every fmall 
ftone, every noxious root or growing weed that falls in 
their way, and pound down every ftiff clod into duft. It 
is certain that a fmall number of acres well prepared in St. 
Kilda, in this manner, will yield more profit to the huf- 
bandman than a much greater number when roughly 
handled in a hurry, as is the cafe in the other Weitern 
Ifies. The people of St. Kilda fow and reap much ear¬ 
lier than any of their neighbours on the weftern coaft: of 
Scotland. The heat of the fun, reflected from the hills 
and rocks into a low valley facing the fouth-eaft, muft in 
the fummertime be quite intenfe; and, however rainy the 
climate is, the corn muft for thefe reafons grow very fall 
and ripen early. The harveft is commonly over at this 
place before the beginning of September; fiiould it fall out 
otherwife, the whole crop would be almoft deftroyed by 
the equinoctial ftorms. All the iflanders on the weftern 
coaft have great reafon to dread the fury of autumnal tem- 
pefts ; which, together with the excefiive quantities of rain 
they have generally throughout leven or eight months of 
the year, are undoubtedly the moft disadvantageous and 
unhappy circumftances of their lives. Barley and oats are 
the only forts of grain known at St. Kilda ; nor does it 
feem calculated for any other. Fifty bolls of the former, 
old Highland meafure, are every year brought from thence 
to Harris ; and all the Weftern Ifiands hardly produce any 
thing fo good of the kind. Potatoes have been introduced 
among that people only of late, and hitherto they have 
railed but fmall quantities of them. The only appearance 
of a garden in the whole ifiand is no more than a very in- 
confiderable piece of ground, enclofed and planted with 
cabbages. 
On the eaft fide of the ifiand, at a Ihort diftance from 
the bay, lies the village, where the whole body of this lit¬ 
tle people (the number amounting in 1764 to 88, and in 
1799 t0 about 120) live together like the inhabitants cf a 
town or city. It is certain that the inhabitants were much 
more numerous formerly than at prefent; and the ifiand, 
if under proper regulations, might eafily fu-pport 300 fouls. 
Martin, who vifited it about the end of the laft century, 
found 180 perfons there; but, about the year 1730, one of 
the people, going to the ifiand of Harris, was feized with, 
the fmall-pox.and died. Unluckily his clothes were car- 
J ried 
