K I R 
been formerly more fertile, at leaft in pafturage. How¬ 
ever this be, tliefe regions have been held by fuccefilve 
nations of high repute, from the Maflagetae of early times 
to the Turks. Thefe lalt imparted the name of Turkiflan, 
having migrated from their habitations near the moun¬ 
tains of Bogdo, adjoining to thofe of Altai. In t^e fixth 
century thefe Turks had already fpread to the Cafpian ; 
while the Eygurs feetn to have fucceeded them in their 
original feats. They foon after fubdued the people of 
Sogdiana, and the Nepthalites of Great Bukharia, called 
in that ignorant age White Huns. As the Turks founded 
their firlt weftern fettlements in the regions now held by 
the Ivirgufes, they thence received the name of Turkif- 
tan. From this centre of their power ifl'ued thofe Turkifh 
armies which have changed fhe deftinies of fo many na¬ 
tions. Little Bukharia was called Eaftern Turkiftan from 
a fimilar caufe ; but appears to have been firlt fubdued 
by the Turks of Cathay on the north-well of China. The 
Turks and Huns may be conlidered as one and the fame 
Tartaric race, totally unknown to Europeans till the ap¬ 
pearance of the latter, who firlt palled the lleppes, deferts, 
and mountains, which had concealed them from clalfical 
obfervation till the fourth century. The Huns, who ap¬ 
peared about A. D. 375, by their peculiar features im- 
prefi'ed the writers of the time as a new and unknown 
race, having feemingly palled in one courle of depreda¬ 
tion from Alia to Europe; while the Gothic and Sclavo¬ 
nic nations had left many of their fettlements vacant, in 
their progrefs into the Roman empire. But the Turks, 
though originally the fame people, perhaps warned by 
the fate of their brethren, made a flow and gradual pro¬ 
grefs ; and appear to have been mingled by marriages and 
conquelts with the Sclavonic and Gothic tribes, on the 
north and ealt of the Cafpian. Such was the origin of 
the name of Turkiflan ; from which the Turks fpread de- 
folation over the molt beautiful countries of the ealt, and 
even threatened the liberties of Europe. Gihfon's Geogra¬ 
phy , vol. ii. 
KIRHAR'ESETH, [Heb. the city of the fun.] A city 
in the land of the Moabites. 
KIRHE'RESH, [Hebrew.] The name of a place. 
KIR'IAN, a mountain of Thibet. Lat. 33.12. N. Ion. 
79 - 44 • E. 
_ KIRIA'NI, a town of European Turkey, in Livadia. 
eight miles fouth-eaft of Athens. 
KIR'IATH, [Heb. a city.] A city of the Ifraelites, 
near Gibeon in the tribe of Benjamin. 
KIRIATHA'IM, [Heb. the two cities.] A town be¬ 
yond Jordan, ten miles welt of Medeba. 
KIRIATHAR'BA, [Heb. the city of four.] A city 
of Judah. 
KIRIATHA'RIM, [Heb. city of cities.] A city 
mentioned Ezra ii. 24. 
KIRI ATHBA'AL, [Heb. city of Baal.] A city 
mentioned Jodi. xv. 60. 
KIRATHJE'ARIM, [Heb. city of woods.] A city 
of Judah, on tlie confines of Benjamin, where the ark 
was lodged for a confiderable time, till David removed it 
to Jerufalem. 
KtRIATHSAN'NAH, [Heb. city of the built, or of 
enmity.] A city in the tribe of Judah. JoJh. xv. 49. 
KIRIATHSE'PHER, i. e. the City of Letters, or of 
Books ; otherwife Debxr, or Krai ath-debir, the City 
of Words ; a city in the tribe of Judah, afterwards given 
to Caleb. It was taken by Othniel, to whom Caleb, for 
his reward, gave his daughter in marriage. JoJh. xiv. 6,7. 
Judges i. 10, i4, 12, 13. This city was fo called long be¬ 
fore Mofes ; fo at lealt it Ihould feem by the manner of 
mentioning it; which proves alfo that books were known 
before this legiflator, and that he is not the oldeft writer, 
as the fathers have alferted; a character which it is to 
be obferved he never affumes. It is poflibie the Canaanites 
might lodge their records, and thole few monuments of 
antiquity which they had remaining, in this city; or it 
Vol. XI, No. 793. 
K I 11 737- 
might be fomewhat like the cities of the priefts in Ifraql* 
the refidence of the learned, or a kind of college. Calmet. 
KIRIATHU'ZOTH, [Hebrew.] The name of a place, 
KIRILOV', a town of Rufiia, in the government of 
Novgorod : fifty-two miles north-well of Vologda, and 
220 eall-north-eall of Novgorod. 
KIRILO'VO, a town of Rufiia, on the Indigirka: 320 
miles north-north-eall of Zaffchiverk. Lat. 72. 25. N. 
Ion. 144. 14. E. 
KIROLOVSKA'IA, a fortrefs of Rufiia, in the go¬ 
vernment of Ekaterinofiav, on the Donlkaia: feventy-two 
miles fouth-eaft of Ekaterinofiav. 
KI'RIN, a country of Chinefe Tartary, bounded on 
the north by the river Saghalieh, on the ealt by the fen, 
on the fouth by Corea, and on the weft by the pallifade 
of the province of Leao-tong. This country, which is 
rendered extremely cold by the number of forefts with 
which it is covered, is fcarcely inhabited ; it contains 
only two or three ill-built towns, furrounded by plain 
mud walls. The valuable plant ginfeng grows here 5 
and the emperor fends hither thole criminals who are 
condemned to banilhment by the laws. 
KI'RIN-OU'LAH, a city of Chinefe Tartary, on the 
river Songarie, which is called alfo Kirin. It is the ca¬ 
pital of a country to which it gives name, and the refi¬ 
dence of a Tartar general, who is viceroy: 500 miles 
north-eaft of Peking. Lat. 43. 48. N. Ion. 126. 24.. E. 
KIR'IOTH, [Hebrew.] The name of a city. 
KIRK, f. [cypce. Sax. from xvgiaxn, Gr.] An old 
■word for a church, yet retained in Scotland: 
Home they hafte the polls to dight, 
And all the kirk pillars, ere day-light. 
With hawthorn buds, and fweet eglantine. Spenflcr , 
Nor is it all the nation hath thefe lpots, 
There is a church as well as kirk of Scots. Cleavdand. 
KIRK, adj. Belonging to the church; as, kirk go¬ 
vernment. King Charles. 
KIRK ANDRE'AS, a village in the Ifle of Man, be¬ 
tween Kirk Bride and Ramfey ; it is a redtory and arch¬ 
deaconry. The old church, the oldeft parilh-c'nurch 
upon the ifland, being in a very ruinous condition, was 
pulled down about eight years ago, and the prefent build¬ 
ing eredted on its fite. Population, 1555. 
At Balahurry, near this place, is an old encampment, 
formed, as colonel Townley conjectures, in the civil wars, 
by the troops of Oliver Cromwell. It is reckoned the 
mod complete of any of that aera, and to be in a well- 
chofen fituation. It is furrounded by a wide fofle, and 
has a baltion at each of the four corners. The internal 
fquare is fufiiciently funk to fecure the troops from the 
enemy’s fire. There is no breach in the works. 
KIRK BRIDE, a village in the Ifle of Man, five miles 
from Ramfey, and rather more than two from the Point 
of Ayre. Population, 678. The church is dedicated to 
St. Bridget; it is a redtory, but has no parfonage-houfe. 
In the church-yard are fome Runic charadters upon a 
ftone crofs, which have been thus tranflated by Mr. Beau- 
ford : “ The fon of Ulf, of the Swedes, eredted this crofs 
to the warrior Afterarin, the fon of Cunnu.” At the 
Point, the land lies very low ; and the Ihallownefs of the 
water for a long way out at lea has been the caufe of 
many a fliipwreck. 
KIRK BUR'TON, a townlhip of England, in the weft 
riding of Yorkshire, with 1495 inhabitants: feven miles 
lauth-weft of Wakefield. 
KIRK CHRIST RU'SHEN, a town in the Ifle of Man, 
fo called,.according to Chaloner, from being built on the 
fide of a ruihy bog. It contains 1590 inhabitants. The 
church contains nothing worthy of remark. On a fun- 
dial, by the fteps at the eaftern entrance of the church¬ 
yard, is this motto : 
“ Horula dum quota fit 
5 ‘ Quferitur, hora fugit.” 
9 G 
KIRK 
