K I S 
mice with each other, and with all their neighbours. 
Their dialefts have no analogy with any known language, 
and their hiflory and origin are at prefent utterly un¬ 
known. Their diflrifls, as enumerated in Major Rennel’s 
Memoir, are, i. Inguflii, about fixty miles to the fouth- 
ward of Mofdok, in the high mountains about the Kum- 
belei. 2. Endery 5 and, 3. Axia, on a low ridge between 
the Sundfha and Iaxaia, rivers. In their territories are 
the hot wells. 4. Ackinyurt, towards the upper part of 
the Sundfha and Kurnbelei. 5. Ardakli, on the Rofhni 
that joins the Sunddia. 6. Wapi, near the Ofletin village 
Tfhim, towards the fource of the Terek. 7. Anguflit, 
on the upper part of the Kurnbelei. 8. Shalkha, called 
by the Ruffians Maloi Ahgujht. 9. Thetfhen, on the low¬ 
er part of the Argun river. 10. Atakhi, a final! di ft rift 
on the upper part of the Argun, *1. Kulga, orDihanti, 
in the high mountain. ia. Galgai, or Halha, about the 
fource of the Afai, a Sundfha rivulet. 13. Tfhabrilo, and 
Shahid, on the Sundfha. 14. Tfhifhni-Kabul, on the 
Rofhni, a Sundfha rivulet. 15. Karaboulak, a wandering 
tribe, who have their little villages about the fix upper- 
rnoft rivulets of the Sundfha, particularly the Fortan. 16. 
Meefti, Meredlhi, Galafhka, and Duban, are lfnall tribes 
on the Axai. 
The Ingufhi, or firft of the above tribes, fubmitted to 
Ruflia in 1770. They are capable of arming about 5000 
men ; they call themfelves Ingu/hi, Kijli, or Halha ; they 
live in villages near each other, containing about twenty 
or thirty houles; are diligent hufbandmen, and rich in 
cattle. Many of their villages have a ftone tower, which 
ferves in time of war as a retreat to their women and chil¬ 
dren, and as a magazine for their effects. Thefe people 
are all armed, and have the tullom of wearing fhields. 
Their religion is very fimple, but has fome traces of Chrif- 
tianity : They believe in one God, whom they call Dailg, 
but have no faints or religious perfons ; they celebrate 
Sunday, not by any religious ceremony, but by refting 
from labour; they have a faft in fpring, and another in 
i'ummer; they obferve no ceremonies either at births or 
deaths ; they allow of polygamy, and eat pork. One kind 
of facrifice is ufual among them : at certain times a fheep 
is killed by a perfon who feems to be confidered as a kind 
of pried, as he is obliged to live in a Rate of celibacy. 
His habitation is in the mountains, near an old ftone 
church, which is faid to be adorned with various flatues 
and infcriptions. Under the church is a vault that con¬ 
tains certain old books, which, however, no one ever at¬ 
tempts to approach. The 6th, 7th, and 8th, tribes, which 
vvere formerly tributary to the Cabardean princes, fubmit¬ 
ted to Ruffia in 1770. The 9th, Tfhetfhen, is governed 
by its own chiefs, who are related to the Avar-Khan. 
This tribe is fo numerous and warlike, and has given the 
Ruffians fo much trouble, that its name is ufually given 
by them to the whole Kifti nation, The chief village of 
Tfhetfhen lies on the Argun, about fifteen miles from its 
mouth. Its other principal villages are Hadfhiaul and 
langejent, both on the Sundfha. Memoir of a Map of the 
Countries comprehended between the Black Sea and the Caf- 
fian, by Major Rennel. 
KIST'NA, a town of Hindooflan, in the Carnatic : ten 
miles v.'eft of Volconda. 
KISTNABARAM', a town of Hindooflan, in Myfore: 
thirteen miles’ibuth of Tademeri. 
KISTNAGUR', a town of Bengal; twenty-four miles 
north of Goragot. 
KISTNAGUR', a town of Bengal : fixteen miles fouth 
of Nagore. Lat. 22.52. N. Ion. 87.21. E. 
KISTNAG'HERI, a town and fortrefs of Hindooflan, 
in the Myfore country. This town was attacked by the 
Britifh troops, under the command of colonel Maxwell, 
in the latter end of October 1789. The lower fort, in¬ 
cluding the pettah, or fuburb, was gained without much 
difficulty; but the garrifon in the upper fort defended it 
with a degree of heroifm bordering on defpair. Immenfe 
rocks and fnowers of flones vvere hurled down into the 
road ; the fcaling-ladders were broken to pieces; and, after 
Vox.. XI. No. 794. 
K I T 7G9 
two hours vigorous aflault, colonel Maxwell ht length 
found it neceffary to defiit from the attempt : fifty-four 
miles fouth-eafl of Bangalore, fixty-lix wefl-fouth-well 
of Arcot, and ninety eaft of Sefingapatam. Lat. 12.30. N. 
Ion. 78. 22. E. 
KIST'NAH, a river of Hindooflan, which rifes in the 
mountains of Vifiapour, about twenty miles from Sattara, 
and, croffing almofl the whole of Hindooflan, from weft 
to eafl, falls into the bay of Bengal, by feveral mouths, be¬ 
tween Mafulipatam and Nizapatam, in the circar of Gun- 
toor. The iflands formed in the mouth of the Kiftnah are 
very fertile, and produce grain, excellent timber, and fome 
of the bed tobacco in India: they likewife in the low- 
grounds, which at fpring-tides are overflowed, produce a 
fhrub of great ufe in dying their chintzes and calicoes. 
KISTNAPORAM', a town of Hindooflan, in the Car¬ 
natic : twenty-five miles wed-north-wed of Tritchinopoly. 
KISTNAPORUM', a town of Hindooflan, in Goloon- 
da: forty-eight miles fouth of Hydrabad. 
KISTNAVERAM', a town of Hindooflan, in the Car¬ 
natic, at the mouth of a river which runs into the bay of 
Bengal: fifteen miles fouth-eafl of Nellore. Lat. 14. 16. N. 
Ion. 80. 1 r. E. 
KIST'VAEN, or Cist-Vaen, in Britifh antiquities,, 
a flone-chefl, coffin, or cavity, for the interment of the hu¬ 
man body, after its deceafe. Many antiquarians have 
confounded this with the cromlech, and have thus con- 
fufed their readers, and indeed have bewildered themfeives. 
Some even call the perpendicular or Handing ftones of the 
cromlech by the appellation of kiflvaen, and the horizon¬ 
tal or covering-ltone the cromlech. This is multiplying 
terms without meaning or utility. Kidvaen is a compound 
word from the Britifh language, and literally fignifies a 
ched of done ; i. e. ciji, a cheft or coder, and vaen, from 
maen, a done ; the m in Britifh being commonly changed 
to v in compofition. The kidvaen decidedly differs from 
the cromlech; the fird being always immerfed or covered 
over with many dones, when the whole is called cairn ; or 
by a heap or mound of earth, which is called barroui. Mr. 
Owen defcribes the ciflvaen as “a kind of cell formed by 
placing four fiat dones together in a fquare, with another 
laid on the top fora cover.” In fome indances, however, 
the cift is formed by five, fix, or feven, dones, railed on thin 
edges, and covered by two or three flat dones. In Berk- 
fhire, near the track of the ancient Ridge-way, on the 
downs in the vicinity of the White-horfe Hill, are fome 
remains of a monument of this clafs. The upper part of 
a barrow being removed, feveral large dones were difco- 
vered, fome of which were fet up edge-ways, and others 
placed fiat, or horizontally. Three of large dimenfions 
formed the fides and end of a cell, which was nine feet 
from eaft to wed, by about fix feet from north to fouth. 
At the mouth, or entrance towards the wed, were two up¬ 
right Hones, forming jambs, between which wasapaflage 
to the cid. Several other dones were placed near the en¬ 
trance, and the barrow appeared to have been furrounded 
with a circle of Hones. “ In the various praflice of the 
Britons, the ciflvaen fometimes contained the urn which 
preferved the precious aflies of the deceafed ; but it often 
contained the affies and bones without any urn.” Chal¬ 
mers's Caledonia. Toland thinks that killvaens were altars 
for facrifice : and fome writers have conjectured that they 
were intended for cells, or dungeons, to confine prifoners. 
“ In Cornwall, and elfewhere, we find kiflvaens (of an 
area equal to the fize of the human body) confiding of 
fide-flones pitched on end, without any covering-done ; 
thefe certainly once inclofed bones of the dead, though 
now generally dug up to fearch for money.” Borlafes An¬ 
tiquities of Cornwall. 
KISWAR'DA, a town of Hungary: feventeen miles 
ead of Tokay, and thirty-fix wefl-north-welt of Zatmar. 
KIS'ZENAU, or Kitznu, a town of European Turkey, 
in Moldavia: feventy-two miles ead of Jaffi, and thirty 
north of Bender. Lat. 47. 13. N. Ion. 29. 30. E. 
KIT,/, [kitte, Dut.] A large bottle. Skinner .—A finall 
wooden veliel in which Newcaflie falmon is lent up to 
9 K London. 
