I S L 
fifty-eight high, remains; and the infide retains great 
part of its primitive appearance. .This tower, feen from 
afar, is let out in lodgings, and has been the refiden.ee of 
Chambers, author of the Cyclopedia, Goldfmith the 
poet, and other individuals in the republic of letters. 
At the entrance of the town of Iflington, but in the 
parifh of St. James, Clerkenwell, are alms-houfes for ten 
widows of the parifh of Iflington, and a fchool for 
twenty-five boys of the fame parifh and that of Clerken- 
well. They were erected by Dame Alice Owen, and are 
under the'government of the Brewers’Company; from 
whole records it appears, that they were founded by her 
in confequence of a providential-deliverance from death, 
in the reign of queen Mary, when this part of Iflington 
was all open fields. In thofe days archers practifed with 
their bows and arrows at butts; and, whilft this lady was 
wafkirfg in the fields with her maid, an arrow pierced the 
crown of her hat (high-crowned hats being then in 
fafliion) without doing her the leaft injury. In comme¬ 
moration of this deliverance, flie built the fchool and 
alms-houfes, about three years before her death. For many 
years, an arrow was fixed on the top of thefe houfes, 
which Hand on the very fpot where this accident happened. 
Pentonville, which joins Iflington to the weft, is 
alfo in the parifh of St. James, Clerkenwell ; and, when 
that .parifh.church was rebuilt by abt of parliament, an 
elegant, chapel here W'as made parochial. The houfes in 
general are neat and commodious, and have nearly all 
fiprung up within the lalt thirty years. The late Dr. de 
Valengen’s manfion was alrnoft the firft built on the fpot, 
and he lived to fee a town rifing around him! 
On the fouth-weft fide of Iflington, is that fine refer- 
voir called New-River Head, which confifts of a large 
bafin, into which the New River enters: part of the water 
is thus conveyed by pipes to London, while another part 
is thrown by an engine through other pipes, to a refer- 
voir, which lies much higher, in order to fupply the 
higheft parts of London. See the article Canal Navi¬ 
gation, vol. iii. p. 675. Near the New-River Head is 
the well-known place of public amufement, called Sad¬ 
ler’s Wells, which takes its name from a 1 ’pring of mi¬ 
neral water, now called Iflington Spa, or New Tunbridge 
Wells. This fpring was difcovered by one Sadler, in 
3683, in the garden belonging to a houfe which he had 
then juft opened as a mufic-room. The water refembles 
much in quality and effebt that of Tunbridge Wells in 
Kent. Sadler’s mufic-houfe came, after his death, to one 
Francis Forcer, whofe fon was the firft that exhibited 
there the diverfions of rope-dancing and tumbling, to 
which have for many years been added mufical interludes 
and pantomimes. At the Sir Hugh Middleton’s Head is 
a very large picture, containing twenty-eight portraits of 
the Sadler’s-Wells Club; it is a curious reprefentation of 
fome known characters; among them is Mr, Rofamond, 
the builder of Rofamond’s row, Clerkenwell. 
• To the north of Iflington is Highbury Place, which 
fronts the fine hills of Highgate and Hampftead. Higher 
ftill is Highbury Terrace, which compiands a beautiful 
profpeft. Near this is the neat villa, paddock, and plea- 
Ipre-grounds, of the late Alexander Aubert, efq. who 
erebted near the houfe a lofty and fpacious obfervatory, 
furnifhed with a complete collection of artronomical in- 
Rruments. On the fite of thefe premifes was a moated 
fpot, called Jack Straw’s Caftle, on which flood the man- 
iion of the priors of the order of St. John of Jerufalem, 
which was burnt to the ground by the commons of Eflex, 
June 13, 1381, in the infurrection under Wat Tyler and 
jack Straw. Near this is a noted tavern and tea-gardens, 
called Highbury Barn, much frequented by the citizens 
in the fummer feafon. 
Bngnigge Wells, a noted place of public entertainment, 
is generally included in the account of Iflington, though 
foliated in the parifh of Pancras, in the valley between 
the Nevv-River Head a:»d the Foundling Hofpital. It 
lyas formerly the refidence of S',leaner G.wyn, one of 
I S M 
king Cha rles’s miftrefl'es, of whom here is a buft. It was 
opened about the year 1767, in confequence of the disco¬ 
very of two fprings of mineral water; the one chalybeate, 
and the other cathartic. See vol. ii. p. 620. There is 
fomething romantic and pleafant in the fituation ; and 
the tea-gardens are laid out with tafte. 
Iflington is altogether a large and populous place, fu- 
perior both in fize and appearance to many confiderable 
towns in the country. It contains 13,065 inhabitants. 
At the Angel Inn are feveral roads diverging towards 
the metropolis, and leading to its extremities and centre; 
a circumftance which proves convenient to thofe inha¬ 
bitants whofe occupations call them to town in the day¬ 
time. 
In this parifh, in the road from Iflington to Hoxton, is 
the white-lead manufactory of Samuel Walker and Co. 
very confiderable iron-mailers at Mafborough, near Ro¬ 
therham, in Yorkfhire; who erebted here, in 1736, a cu¬ 
rious windmill, for the purpofeof grinding lead, differing 
in two remarkable particulars from common wind-mills, 
viz. ill, that the brick tower of it is crowned with a great 
wooden top, or cap, to which are affixed on one fide the 
fliers, and on the oppofite fide a gallery, which ferves as 
a great gnomon, if it may be fo called, whereby the whole 
top is turned round at plealure, fo as to bring the fliers 
into that direction which is moft convenient with lefpeel 
to the wind ; and adly, that, inftead of four, the ufual 
number of fliers, this is furnifhed with five. This ma¬ 
nufactory was formerly a publie-houfe, well known in 
all this neighbourhood as the Rofemary-branch; and, in 
1783, a new Rofemary-branch was ereCted juft beyond it, 
at the meeting of the pariflies of St. Leonard Shoreditch 
and St. Mary Iflington. 
All the ground in the neighbourhood of Iflington, in 
every direction, which has not, during the prefent rage 
for building, been purchafed or rented for that purpofe, 
is converted into brick-fields, and for pafturage for the 
many thoufands of cows that are kept by the feveral cow- 
keepers in the neighbourhood, and who fupply the me¬ 
tropolis with milk. One cow-keeper in this parifh is faid 
to have conftantly kept one thoufand milch-cows, for the 
purpofe before-mentioned. Indeed the number of cows 
which are kept in this parifh, and other of the outfkirts 
of London, is incredible. 
TSLIP, a fmall town in Oxfordfhire, fifty-fix miles 
from London, and noted for the birth and baptifm of Ed¬ 
ward the Confeffor. The chapel wherein Edward was 
baptifed flood at a fmall diftance north from the church-, 
and is ftill called the King’s Chapel; but was entirely de- 
feerated during Cromwell’s ufdrpation, and converted to 
the meaneft tiles of a farm-yard 5 at prefent it has a roof of 
thatch. It is built of ftone, fifteen yards long and feven 
broad, and retains traces of the arches of an oblong win¬ 
dow at the eaft end. This manor was given by Edward 
the Confeffor to Weftminfter Abbey, to whom it ftill be¬ 
longs. It has a good market for fheep, and fome remains 
of an ancient palace, faid to have been king Etheired’s. 
Here is a charity-fchool. By the late inland navigation, 
it has communication with the rivers Merfey, Dee, Ribble, 
Oui'e, Trent, Derwent, Severn, Humber, Thames, Avon, 
&c. which navigation, including its windings, extends 
above five hundred miles, in the counties of Lincoln, 
Nottingham, York, Lancafter, Weftmoreland, Chefter, 
Stafford, Warwick, Leicefter, Oxford, Worcefter, &c. 
I'SLIP, a townfbip of New York, fituated in Suffolk 
county, Long Ifland, eaft of Huntingdon, and contains 
609 inhabitants; of thefe ninety-three are debtors, and 
thirty-five flaves. 
ISMACHI'AH, [Hebrew.] A man’s name. 
IS'MADATS, a town of Japan, in the ifland of Ni. 
phon : 125 miles north-weft of Jeddo. 
IS'MAELPOUR, a town of Bengal: fix miles eaft of 
Eoglipour. 
IS'MAELPOUR, a town of Hindooftan, in Bahari 
thirty-eight miles fouth-weft of Patna, 
JSMAI'AU, 
