-508 J U J 
of the hills commands a very extenfive and pleafing pro- 
fpeft over the different counties of Bucks, Herts, Bedford, 
and Oxon. In a fine clear day may be feen diftinftly, 
■without the help of any glafs, thirty-fix different parifh- 
churclies ; the country being quite open, and free from 
any inclofures. The town has two ftreets, one of which 
goes through the place, and the other branches out in the 
middle, reprefenting the letter T. The church is a good 
building, dedicated to St. Mark ; and is remarkable for a 
fine ring of bells: it appears to have been founded by Ed¬ 
ward IV. The parifh is about fourteen miles in length 
and two in breadth, and is divided into four hamlets. 
About a mile from the town, the counties of Bucks, Bed¬ 
ford, and Herts, meet in a piece of land not twenty yards 
afunder. Ivinghoe is diftant from Hemelhempftead, ten 
miles fouth-enft ; Berkhampftead feven, fouth ; Chefiiam 
ten, fouth ; Tring three, fouth ; Aylefbury ten, fouth ; 
Wendover eight, fouth-weft ; Leighton fix, north; and 
Dunftable fix, north-eaft. Its diftance from London is 
thirty-four miles fouth-eaft. 
About a quarter of a mile from the town is a very fine 
wood, remarkable for its trees and high fituation, as it 
may be feen from Portfmouth, and from out of Derbyfhire, 
and to one hundred and fifty miles diftance. The wood 
and hills are the property of the earl of Bridgewater. A 
quarter of a mile from the hills is one of the four old Ro¬ 
man roads called the Ickenild-way, which runs through¬ 
out the kingdom, from Portfmouth to Tinmouth Avon. 
About two miles from the town, at a place called Bobuvn, 
is faid to be the firft fpring riling of the river Thames; 
the fprings divide within ten yards of each other, one Tun¬ 
ing due eaft, and the other weft. This place appears to 
have been formerly ufed for a burial-place, as feveral Ikele- 
tons of human bodies have been taken up; and one in 
particular about ten years fince, feven feet in length, and 
all the bones perfect. 
About three miles from the town is Aftridge, the feat 
of the earl of Bridgewater, which was a very ancient mo- 
naftery. In the centre of the houfe, in a fine fquare, is a 
large bafon of water, where Jonas is reprefented coining 
out of the whale’s belly; and round this are fine cloillers, 
with hiftorical paintings, but they are in a ruinous ltate, 
and are faid to be of very great antiquity. Within the 
houfe is a bed and chair the work of queen Elizabeth, 
wrought in fine needle-work. About one mile from hence 
is an ancient nunnery ; the manor belonging to which is 
luppofed to be the moll; extenfive in this kingdom, as it 
is near forty miles in length. From Aftridge to this mo- 
naftery is about a mile ; and there is a lubterraneous paf- 
fage communicating one to the other. 
One mile from Ivinghoe, is a hill called Wadden, where 
the ancient Britons burnt facrifices ; from which may be 
feen fix others, all dedicated to the days of the week. At 
the bottom of this hill is a large ditch cut, faid to have 
parted the kingdom of Mercia and the Eaft Angles, when 
the kingdom was tjivided. 
Other villages in the neighbourhood of Ivinghoe are, 
Ivinghoe Alton, one mile from thence; Edlilborough, two; 
.Morthall, two ; Eaton Bray, three ; Totteringhoe, four ; 
Dagnall, four; Ringftiall, three; Litrle Gaddefden, four; 
Aldbury, three ; Pitftone, one ; Marfwath, two ; Long- 
mafton, four ; Putnam, four; Cheddington, two ; Win- 
grove, fix; Craffton, fix; Mentmore, three; Ledbain, 
three ; Wing, fix ; Afcot, five ; Horton, three ; Slapton, 
three ; Sealbroot, two ; Stocks, near Aldbury, two ; and 
Penly, three. 
JU'JUB.E-TREE. See Rhamnus. 
With her the jujube-tree, a milder plant, 
Which (though offenlive thorns Die does not want) 
In peace and mirth alone does pleafure take. 
Her flow’rs at fealts the genial garlands make. 
Her wood the harp, that keeps the guefts awake. Tate. 
JUJU'I, a river of South America, which rifes one 
hundred miles weft-north-weft of Omaguaca, by which 
J U L 
name it is at firft called; till, being joined by feveral fmall 
rivers at St. Salvador, it takes the name of Jujui. On the 
borders of the province of Chaco, it joins the Vermejo in 
lat. 24.. 50. S. Its whole courfe is fouth-eaft nearly three 
hundred miles. 
JUJUMO'RA, a town of Hindooftan, in the circar of 
Sumbulpour: twenty miles fouth-fouth-eaft of Sumbul- 
pour. 
JU'KAN, a town of Hindooftan, in Guzerat: twenty 
miles weft of Noanagur. 
To JUKE, v. 7 i. [from jucher , Fr.] To perch; to fettle 
on any thing, as birds. 
JUKE,/, in falconry, the neck of any bird which the 
hawk preys upon. 
JU'KING, f. The acl of perching as a hawk or other 
bird. In the Scotch dialefl, the acf of bending the head 
in complacency.—Two afles travelled; the one laden with 
oats, the other with money : the money-merchant was fo 
proud of his truft, that he went juking and tolling of his 
head. LEJlrange. 
JU'KUM, a town of the duchy of Courland : thirty- 
two miles eaft-fouth-eaft of Goldingen. 
JU'LAP. See Julep. 
JUL'BACH, a village of Bavaria, with a caftle: four 
miles weft of Braunau, and eight north-north-eaft of Burk- 
haufen. 
IULE, [jo!, Gothic, fignifying a fumptuous treat.] A 
religious feftival, firft among the Heathens, andnfterwards 
among Chriftians. By the latter it was given to Chrift- 
mas ; which is ftill known under the name of lul, or Yool, 
in Denmark, Norway, Iceland, and Sweden; nay, even in 
the north of Britain, and whence the month of Januarius 
by the Saxons was ftyled Giuli, or the Feftival. As this 
feaft had originally been dedicated by our heathen ancef- 
tors to the Sun, their fupreme deity; fo the Chriftians^ 
for the purpofe of engaging the minds of their Ethnic 
(gentile) brethren, ordered it fhould be celebrated in me¬ 
mory of the birth of Chrift; and thus it has been through 
ages a feaft of joy and entertainment. We are indebted 
to Procopius for the firft account of this feaft. 
JU'LEP, or Ju'lap, / [Arab, julapium, low La t. julep, 
Fr.] Julap is an extemporaneous form of medicine, made 
of fimple and compound water fweetened, and ferves for 
a vehicle to other forms not fo convenient to take alone. 
Ouincy .—If any part of the after-birth be left, endeavour 
the bringing that away; and by good fudorifics and cor¬ 
dials expel the venom, and contemperate the heat and 
acrimony by julaps and emulfions. Wifeman's Surgery. 
Behold this cordial julap here, 
That flames and dances in his cryftal bounds 
With fpirits of balm and fragrant fyrups mixt. - Milton. 
A julep is generally only a vehicle for other articles, to 
render them more eafy in the ftomach, or more effeftual; 
fo that they fliould not only be agreeable, but concur 
with the intention of the principal medicine. This form 
is often named after the material ufed, as Julepum e cam- 
phora, creta, mofcho, &c. 
JULE'TA, a town of Sweden, in Sudermania: thirty- 
five miles north-weft of Nykioping. 
JUL'FA. See Zulpha. 
JUL'FAR, or Dsjulfar, a town of Arabia, in the pro¬ 
vince of Oman, fituated in a bay of the Perlian Gulf : 
160 miles north-weft of Malkat, and 100 north-weft of 
Oman. Lat. a6. 3. N. Ion. 57. E. 
JULGANOO', a town of Hindooftan, in the Candeifli: 
forty-fix miles eaft of Burhampour. 
JULGONG', a town of Hindooftan, in the circar of 
Aurungabad : fifteen miles fouth-weft of Aurungabad. 
• JU'LIA, a woman’s name. 
JU'LIA, a daughter of Julius Caefar, by Cornelia, fa¬ 
mous for her perfonal charms and for her virtues. She mafip 
ried Cornelius Caepio, whom her father obliged her to di¬ 
vorce to marry Pompey the Great. Her amiable difpoii- 
tion more ftrongly cemented the friendfiiip of the father 
and 
