J U-S-TICI A, 
06 4 
ently diftinft from the next fpecies in its elliptic leaves 
narrowing to both ends, emarginate at top, ufually fmooth j 
in its compound elongated terminating raceme ; in its 
flowers pointing-one way, with roundifh mucronate floral 
leaves; and in the four-parted outer calyxes incloflng two 
flowers. Native of Arabia Felix and the ifland of St. Jo¬ 
hanna. 
а. Jufticia Forfkahlei, or ForfkahPs jufticia: fhrubby; 
leaves, ovate, acuminate ; flowers in axillary and terminat¬ 
ing thyrfes; calyxes one-flowered. Native of Arabia Felix. 
3. Jufticia purpurea, or purple jufticia : herbaceous; 
branches pubefcent; flowers in axillary and terminating 
fpikes ; bractes lanceolate, fmooth. Found near Canton 
in China by Ofbeck, and lince by Loureiro. 
4. Jufticia verticillaris, or whorled jufticia : villofe; leaves 
ovate; flowers axillary in whorls ; outer calyxes awnlefs. 
Difcovered at the Cape of Good Hope by Thunberg. 
5. Jufticia ariftata, or bearded jufticia: villofe; leaves 
ovate ; flowers axillary in whorls, lubfeflile; outer calyxes 
awned. Branches woody, angular at top, with an exca¬ 
vated line running down the Tides of the joints. Leaves 
an inch long, quite entire, acute, villofe el’pecially under¬ 
neath, on fliort petioles. Flowers eight or ten on each 
fide, on two or three very fliort peduncles. Native of the 
Cape of Good Hope. 
б. Jufticia Chineniis, or Chinefe jufticia : herbaceous; 
leaves ovate; peduncles axillary, in whorls, trifid; braftes 
ovate, mucronate, coloured at the bafe. Stems procum¬ 
bent, hexangular, a foot long, branched at bottom. Na¬ 
tive of China. 
7. Jufticia triflora, or three-flowered jufticia : herbace¬ 
ous ; leaves ovate ; peduncles axillary, elongated, fubtri- 
fiorous; braftes linear-lanceolate. Branches villofe, with 
joints four inches long, four-grooved. Leaves remote, 
quite entire, fometimes oblcurely toothletted towards the 
bafe, hairy, an inch long; petiole twice the length of the 
leaf. Native of Arabia Felix. 
8. Jufticia ferpens, or creeping jufticia : herbaceous, 
creeping; leaves oblong, fmooth ; flowers axillary, folitary. 
9. Jufticia fulcata, or furrowed jufticia : herbaceous; 
leaves ovate-cordate; fpikes terminating; flowers in whorls. 
See Dianthera fulcata. 
10. Jufticia bicalyculata, or two-budded jufticia : leaves 
ovate-acuminate; flowers in axillary dichotomous pani¬ 
cles ; outer brafte linear, double the length of the other ; 
anthers binate. Native of the Eaft Indies, where it was 
obferved by Koenig. 
11. Jufticia bivalvis, or two-valved jufticia: fhrubby; 
leaves ovate-lanceolate ; peduncles axillary, trifid, lateral, 
pedicels two-flowered ; brakes ovate, awned, nerved. 
From Rumphius's defcription, and from his figure, it is 
plain, that his bungum belongs to J. purpure, and folium 
tin&orium to this. Native of the Eaft Indies and Arabia 
Felix. 
II. With a Angle calyx. Corollas two-lipped ; lips un¬ 
divided. 12. Jufticia fexangularis, or chickweed-leaved 
jufticia: herbaceous ; leaves ovate ; peduncles three-flow¬ 
ered ; braftes wedge-fhaped ; anthers parallel. This is an 
annual plant, with an upright ftalk, having fix angles, ri- 
flng two or three feet high, and dividing into many 
branches. Leaves oppofite, an inch and half long, and 
one inch broad ; fmooth, as are alfo the ftalks. At each 
joint come out clutters of final 1 braftes. Long before the 
ftalks decay moll of the leaves fall off, leaving only thefe 
braftes. Flowers in ftnall fpikes at the fide of the branches, 
fitting very clofe ; they are of a beautiful carmine colour. 
The upper lip is arched, bending over the lower, which 
is alfo a little reflexed ; both are entire. Capfules fliort, 
wedge-fhaped, opening lengthwife, incloflng two fmall 
oval feeds. Native of Vera Cruz and Jamaica. Cultiva¬ 
ted before 1733 by Mr. Miller, whofe fpecitnen is in fir 
Jofeph Banks’s Herbarium. 
13. Jufticia fcorpioides, or fcorpion jufticia : flirubby ; 
branches round ; leaves lanceolate-ovate, hirfute, fetfile ; 
fpikes axillary, recurved ; brattes minute 3 anther® parallel, 
Stem brittle, five or fix feet high, fending out ninny* 
branches. Leaves two inches long, and one inch broad, 
hairy, oppofite. Flowers large, of a carmine colour, and 
ranged on one fide of thefpike. .Difcovered at Vera Cruz 
by Dr. Houftoun, and cultivated by Mr. Miller before 
1733. His fpecimen is in Banks’s Herbarium. 
14.. Jufticia affurgens, or afcending jufticia: herbaceous, 
branches angular, leaves ovate-elliptic, fpikes axillary and 
terminating branched, flowers alternate, braftes linear, an¬ 
ther® parallel. This riles by a flender ftem to the height 
of about three feet from the ground, and {hoots into a 
great number of branches that grow gradually lefs as they 
afcend, and are difpofed in an oppofite order, as well as 
the leaves from whole axils they commonly flioot. It re- 
fembles J. fexangularis, but the braftes are narrow and 
acuminate. Swartz doubts whether it be really diftinct 
from J. fexangularis. Native of Jamaica. 
III. Corollas two-lipped ; lowerlip divided. 15. Juf¬ 
ticia acaulis, or ftemlefs jufticia : ftemlefs ; leaves crenate 5 
veins villofe underneath. Root pubefcent, woolly at top. 
Leaves radical, feveral, narrower at the bafe, f'ubfeftiie. 
There is a variety with lyrate-pinnatifid leaves and fmooth 
veins, which perhaps may be a different fpecies. There 
is another in Banks’s Herbarium, from North America, 
with the leaves quite entire, and fmooth on both ftdes. 
Retzius obferves, that the leaves are ufually lyrate, but 
thatfome on the fame plant are- entire. Found in the Eaft 
Indies by Koenig. 
16. Jufticia ecbolium, or long-fpiked jufticia : fhrubby; 
fpikes terminating, four-cornered ; brakes ovate, imbricate, 
ciliate,mucronate; upper lip linear, reflex; anther® parallel. 
Loureiro fays it grows five feet high, upright, with fpread¬ 
ing branches. Mr. Miller affirms that it riles in its native 
foil with a ftrong woody ftem ten or twelve feet high ; that 
the leaves are five inches long, and two inches and a halt" 
broad, of a lucid green, and oppofite; that the flowers 
grow in very long fpikes from the end of the branches, 
and are of a greenifh colour with a (hade of blue. Native 
of the Eaft Indies, Cochinchina, &c. 
17. Jufticia pulcherrima, or handfome jufticia : flirubby; 
fpikes axillary and terminating; bradftes ovate, imbricate, 
ciliate, awnlefs; upper lip lanceolate, ftraight. Stem up¬ 
right, fix feet high, round, fcarcely branched, often feve¬ 
ral from the fame root. Leaves ovate, acuminate at both 
ends, obfeurely toothletted, the upper furface fmoothifh, 
the lower tomentofe, with afcending and parallel veins, 
oppofite, on fhort petioles, eight inches long. Spikes up- 
right, denfe, four-cornered, three inches long, moftly in 
pairs or fours. Flowers without fmell, in four rows, of 
a fine bright red. It differs from the jufticias in the ftruc- 
-ture of the corolla and the number of ftamens, which are 
four, filiform, upright, of the fame length, inferted into 
the lower part of the corolla, and nearly as long as that. 
The younger Linn®us, in the Supplement, reckons only 
two ftamens, and fays that his plant differs from that of 
Jacquin in no other refpech Mr. Profefl'or'Martyn fays, 
“ I fhould be inclined to refer it to Ruellia ; but Jacquin 
obferves that it differs very much both from that and Bar- 
leria in the petals and the equality of the ftamens. He re¬ 
fers it to this genus on account of the habit and the agree¬ 
ment of the fruit.” Native of South America ; frequent 
near Carthagena. 
18. Jufticia Carthaginenfis, or Carthagena jufticia : her¬ 
baceous; leaveselliptical 3 fpikes axillary and terminating; 
braftes imbricate, all wedge-fhaped, ciliate, upper lip emar¬ 
ginate, anther® binate. This is an upright elegant plant, 
growing fix feet high among bullies and in hedges, but 
only three feet in other fituati^ns. It appears to be an 
annual plant. Stems round, fmooth. Leaves quite entire, 
fhining on the back, but fomewhat rugged on the upper 
furface, on fhort petioles, oppofite, half a foot long. Flow¬ 
ers void of feent, purple. It has altogether the character 
of J. euftachiana. Native of Carthagena in Spanifh Ame¬ 
rica. 
19. Jufticia tetragona, or four-cornered jufticia ; fhrub- 
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