K O N 
834 
or Sweden, in the province of Weft Gothland, on an 
ifland in the Gotha; formerly the capital of Norway, and 
reiidence "of ^kings, but now gone to decay : ten miles 
north of Gotkeburg. 
KONGSBACK'A, a feaport town of Sweden, in Hal- 
land: thirteen miles fouth of Gctheburg. Lat. 57. 30. N. 
Ion. 12. 56, E. 
KONGS'BERG. See Conisberg, vol. v. 
KONGS'WINGER, a town of Norway, in the province 
of Chriftiania : forty-two miles north-eaft of Chriftiania. 
Lat. 60. 12. N. Ion. 12. 8. E. 
KO'NI, a town of Xmiretta: thirty miles fouth-weft of 
Cotatis. 
KO'NIA,y. According to Pollux, (Onomaft. vii. 11, 
39.) konia , mentioned by Ariftopharies and Plato, was a 
fiubftance ufed for walhing; and he fays exprelsly, that we 
are to underftand by it a lyc of allies. With the above 
lye, oil and wine jars were cleaned ; and it was employ¬ 
ed alfo for wafhing the images of the gods. The method 
of ftrengthening tiie lye by means of unflaked lime was 
known, at any rate, in the time of Paulus AJgineta; but 
.it appears that the Romans were net acquainted with the 
fait itfelf which is procured by dilfolving common wood- 
allies in water: I mean, they did not underftand the art 
of producing it in a dry folid form, or of boiling pot- 
aflies. Beckmann. See the article Soap. 
KONJA'DA (Gros), a town of Pruliia, in the palati¬ 
nate of Culm: twelve miles north-north-weft of Strafburg. 
KONJA'DA (Klein), a town of Pruliia, in the palati¬ 
nate of Culm: fourteen miles north-north-weft of Straf- 
liurg. 
KONIA'WA, a town of Lithuania, in the palatinate 
of Troki: thirty-fix miles north-eaft of Grodno. 
KONIEC'POLE, a town of Poland, iti the palatinate 
of Braclaw: fixty miles fouth-eaft of Braclaw. 
KONIEH'. See Cognj. 
KO'NIGINHOF. See Konigshof. 
KO'NIGINGRATZ, cr Kra'lowe Hra'decz, a city 
of Bohemia, and capital of a circle to which it gives name, 
iituated on the Elbe 5 buij.t in the year 782. The fee of 
a bilhop, under the archbifiiop of Prague. In 1758, this 
city was taken by the Pruflians. It is 120 miles north of 
Vienna, and fifty-eight eaft of Prague. Lat. 50. 10. N. 
Ion. 15. 39. E. 
KO'NIGSBACH, or Kinspach, a town of the duchy 
of Baden : five miles north-weft of Pforzheim. 
KQ'NIGSAAI., a town of Bohemia, in Beraun: eight 
miles eaft of Beraun. 
KO'NIGSBERG, a city and feaport of Pruflia, and ca¬ 
pital of the kingdom, Iituated on the river Pregel, over 
which are feyen bridges. This city was founded in the 
year 1255, when Ottocarus, or Premiflaus I. king of Bo¬ 
hemia, came to the afliftance of the Teutonic knights, 
againft the Pagan Samlanders ; for a caftle was firft built 
by his advice, and afterwards a town, which was named 
Konigjberg, or King’s Town, in honour of that prince. 
In the year 1264, Konigfberg was rebuilt on another fitu- 
ation ; and in 1286, obtained the privileges of Culm, as 
they are called. It is a large beautiful city; and the 
rampart, with which it was furrounded in 1526, is about 
feven Englilh miles in circumference. This rampart in¬ 
doles feveral gardens, the large caftle-moat, and fome 
sneadows and fields. The number of houfes is about 
3800; and the inhabitants amount to 60,000 fouls. Ko¬ 
nigfberg properly confilts c-f three towns joined together, 
namely Altftadt, Lobenicht, and Kneiphof; (the two firft 
lying in Samland, and the laft in Natangen;) and of feve- 
ral iuburbs. Aljladt, or the Old Town, was particularly 
called Konigfberg till the year 1455 5 but afterwards, to 
diftinguifh it from Lobenicht, was named Alftadt. It 
contains fixteen ftreets, and 550 houfes, above 100 of which 
are mait-houfes and brew-houfes. It is embellifhed with 
fix gates, two llrong-built towers, and four bridges. Lo- 
beniclit, which was built about the year 1300, was form- 
K O N 
er.ly called Neitftadt, or the New Town.- Kneiphof is the 
moft modern, or the lateft built of the three towns; for it 
was not founded until 1324. It ftands on an ifland 
formed by the river Pregel; and, for want of a folid foun¬ 
dation, die buildings are erefted on piles of alder-tree, 
which by length of time are become as hard as iron. It 
has five large gates, and thirteen ftreets. The cathedral 
formerly flood in Altftadt, or the Old Town ; but, in 1332, 
was built in the Kneiphof, by order of duke Luderus. 
In this church ftands a famous organ, which confifts of 
5000 pipes, and was finifhed in 1721. The univerfity was 
founded in 1544, by the margrave Albert, and has 38 
profeffors, exdufive of the tutors. The town-houfe is a 
very fine building, where the magiftrates of the three 
towns, which were incorporated in 1724, meet every day. 
The ftrong citadel, called Fredericjhurg, which was built 
in 1657, ftands direftly facing Kneiphof, at the conflux 
of the two branches of the Pregel. This fort is a regular 
fquare, furrounded with broad ditches and the river Pre¬ 
gel, which is there increafed by the canal or dyke called 
Kupferteifch. A church and an arfenal ftand in the cita¬ 
del. Konigfberg has always made a confiderable figure in 
commerce and fhipping, and was formerly a member of 
the Hanfe-towns affociation. Its trade is ftill in a flou- 
1 idling condition ; and the river Pregel, which is here na¬ 
vigable for the largeft (hips, and from 120 to 240 feet in 
breadth, renders this city very fit for commerce. In 1752, 
493 large fliips arrived in this port, befides fmaller veflels, 
and 373 floats of timber. Except a colony of French 
Calvinifts, moft of the inhabitants of Konigfberg are Ger¬ 
mans, who are of the Lutheran profeflion. In 1701, Fre¬ 
deric I. crowned himfelf king of Pruflia with his own 
hands at Konigfberg. In 1758 Konigfberg was taken by 
the Ruffians, and in 1807 by the French. It is 420 miles 
fouth-weft of Peterfburg. Lat. 54. 43. N. Ion. 20. 38. E. 
KO'NIGSBERG, a town of Hungary, on the river 
Gran: feven miles weft-north-welt of Bukans. 
KO'NIGSBERG, a town of the duchy of Stiria : fix 
miles north-eaft of Rein. 
KO'NIGSBERG, or IClinkowice, a town of Silefia, 
in the principality of Troppau : twenty miles weft of Tef- 
chen, and thirteen louth eaft of Troppau. Lat. 49. 40. 
N. Ion. 18.10. E. 
KO'NIGSBERG, a town of Upper Hefle : five miles 
north of Wetzlar, and thirty-eight north-north-eaft of 
Mentz. Lat. 5c. 38. N. Ion. 8.35. E. 
KO'NIGSBERG, a town of Brandenburg, in the New 
Mark : twenty-four miles north-north-weft of Cuftrin, 
and forty-five north-eaft of Berlin. Lat. 53.2. N. Ion. 14, 
33. E. . 
KO'NIGSBERG, a town of Germany, in the princi¬ 
pality of Coburg, fituated on the fide of a mountain, on 
which is an ancient caftle: twenty miles fo u t h - fo u t h - weft 
of Coburg, and twelve north-weft of Barnberg. Lat. 50. 
4. N. Ion. 10. 45. E. 
KO'NIGSBERG, a town of Bohemia, in Saatz : fix 
miles north-eaft of Egra, and fix fouth-weft of Falkenau. 
KO'NIGSBERG, or Ko'nigsperg, a town of the prin¬ 
cipality of Saxe Weimar: two miles eaft of Schweinfurt. 
KONIGSBRONN', a town and convent of Wurtem- 
berg; the convent was founded in the year 1302: twenty 
miles north-north-eaft of Ulm, and forty-two eaft of 
Stuttgart. 
KO'NIGSBRUG, a town of Lufatia : feven miles weft 
of Camenz. 
KONIGSEE', a lake of Bavaria: two miles from Berch- 
tolfgaden. 
KONIGSEE', a town of Germany, in the county of 
Schwartzburg Rudolfladt: fix miles eaft-fouth-eaft of Ru- 
dolftadt, and twelve fouth-eaft of Arnftadt. 
KONIGSEGG', a principality of Germany, of which 
there are two branches, Konigfegg-Rothenfels and Ko- 
nigfegg-Aulendorf, railed to the rank of counts by Fer¬ 
dinand II. They have only one vote, given alternately. 
x Thejt 
