K O O 
K O O 
KOC/NAK, a Hindoo month which partly coincides 
with September. 
KOON'CHY, f. A meafure in India, of about eight 
handfuls. 
KOOND, a town of Hindooftan, in Bahar: feventeen 
miles north of Saferam. 
KOON'DA, a circar of Bengal, bounded on the north- 
eaft by Bahar, on the eaft by Ramguar, on the fouth by 
Toree, and on the weft by Palamow.; about twenty-five 
miles long and fixteen broad. Koonda is the capital. 
KOON'DA, a town of Bengal, and capital of a circar 
of the fame name: ninety-two miles fouth of Patna, and 
22.6 weft-north-weft of Calcutta. Lat. 24. 11. N. Ion. 84, 
48. E. 
KOO'NI, a town of Japan, in the iftand of Niphon : 
thirty miles north of Tomu. 
KOONIAKA'RY, a town of Africa, in the country of 
Woolly : forty-eight miles eaft-north-eaft of Medina. 
KOONIAKA'RY, a town of Africa, in Kafton. Lat. 
14. 36. N. Ion. 8. 58. W. 
KOONJOO'R, a circar of Hindooftan, in Orifia, be¬ 
tween Gangpour and Mohurbunge. 
KOONJOO'R, a town of Hindooftan, and capital of a 
circar, in the country of Orilfa : eighty-fix miles north- 
north-weft of Cattack, and 163 welt-fouth-weft of Cal¬ 
cutta. 
KOON'KA, a town of Bengal: twenty-five miles weft- 
fouth-weft of Ramgur. 
KOONKOR'TEKEY, grounds granted for the fupport 
of the families of perfons who have met with an untimely 
death among the Hindoos. 
KOOP, a Hindoo tribe formed from the connexion of 
a man of the Bice and a woman of the Chehtre: it is their 
duty to take care of accompt-books. 
KOOR'BAH, a town of Hindooftan, in the circar of 
Ruttunpour: twenty miles eaft of Ruttunpour. 
KOORGUN'GE, a town of Bengal: twenty-two miles 
eaft of Boglipoitr. 
KOORKARA'NY, a town of Africa, in Bondou ; 
fifty miles weft of Fatteconda. 
KOO'RNHERT (Theodore), a famous Dutch contro- 
verfial writer, and an able intrepid afiertor of the liber¬ 
ties of his country, and of liberty of confcience, was de- 
fcended from a relpeftable family at Amfterdam, and born 
in the year 1522. He was educated an engraver, and 
when very young took a journey into Spain and Portugal. 
Upon his return to his native country, after the death of 
his father, he feems to have forfeited his right to any in¬ 
heritance, by marrying in oppofition to the directions in 
his father’s will, and without aficing his mother’s advice. 
Thus circumftanced, and having received fcarcely any for¬ 
tune with his wife, he was obliged to enter into the fami¬ 
ly of Reynold of Brederode, baron of Vianen, who ap¬ 
pointed him his fteward, and whofe favour he gained ; 
but yet he foon quitted that fituation, becaufe he did not 
like a court-life. He now fettled at Haerlem, and obtain¬ 
ed his livelihood by following his profeftion of an engra¬ 
ver. Being puzzled with fome difficulties on theological 
fubjefts, he imagined that he fliould meet with the folu- 
tion of them in the works of St. Auguftine, and fome 
other fathers ; and he therefore applied to learn the Latin 
language at the age of thirty. Though he never was tho¬ 
roughly mafter of it, yet he foon made fuch progrefs in 
his acquaintance with it, as to he capable of tranflating 
■Cicero’s Offices, and feveral other works, into Dutch. So 
induftrious was he, in working and ftudy, that he never 
indulged himfelf more than fix hours in bed. In the year 
3561, he was admitted a notary; and in the following 
year, appointed fecretary to the city of Haerlem; and fe- 
cretary to the burgomafters of the lame city, in 1564. In 
this official character, during the years 1565 and 1566, he 
was frequently fent to the prince of Orange, governor of 
Holland ; and he had feveral conferences with Henry of 
Brederode, fon of his former patron, concerning the means 
cf maintaining the liberty of his country; and it was he 
8 b<J 
who perfuaded that nobleman to prefent to the duchefs 
of Parma the famous petition of the confederates in 1566, 
which was followed by fuch remarkable confequences. 
He was alfo the author of the fi’rft manifefto which tire 
prince of Orange publilhed in his camp, entitled, “ An 
Advertifement to the Inhabitants of the Low Countries, 
for the Law, for the King, and for the Flock.” The part 
which he thus took in politics excited again ft him the re- 
fentmen-t of the government at Brulfels, by whofe direc¬ 
tions he was taken into cuftody at Haerlem, and carried to 
the Hague, where lie fuftered a long and cruel imprifon,- 
ment. When at length he obtained a hearing, he defend¬ 
ed himfelf lb dexteroully, that he was fet at liberty; but 
with an injunction not to leave the Hague. Receiving 
private notice, however, that orders had been tranfmitted 
from Brulfels to commit him again to prifon, he withdrew 
fecretly to Haerlem, and from that place info the county 
of Cleves, where he maintained himfelf by histoid profef- 
fion of an engraver. 
When, in the year 1572, the ftates of Holland had ta¬ 
ken the vigorous relblution to afiert their liberty againft. 
the tyranny of the Spaniards, Koornhert returned into 
his own country, and was honoured with the office of fe¬ 
cretary to the ftates of the province. This polt, however, 
he was foon obliged to refign, owing to the danger to 
which he was expofed from the hatred and threatening? of- 
the officers of the army, and particularly of the count de 
Lumey, on account of his endeavours to put a Hod Jo the 
dilorders and difturbances which the foldiers committed. 
Finding that there was no lafety for him in- any place 
within their reach, he withdrew to Embden, and ac¬ 
quainted the prince of Orange and the ftates of Holland 
with the reafons which had compelled him to take Ihelter 
in fuch an afylum. In order to excite againft him the 
prejudices and indignation of the troops, the officers had 
reprefented him to be a dangerous papift ; for which re¬ 
presentation they had this plaufible pretext, that he was 
continually infilling that it was but juftice, and what the 
intereft of Holland required, not to perfecute the Roman 
catholics, but to perform the promife which the prince of 
Orange had made them, concerning the free exercife of 
their religion, &c. But his real fentiments did not cor- 
refpond with thole of any of the Chriftian feds. While 
he acknowledged that the church of Rome was not the 
true church, he condemned openly the undertakings of 
Luther and Calvin. Confidering all febts to have been 
corrupted many ages ago, he wulhed that, till fuch time 
as God fliould be pleafed to raife reformers in ail refpects 
like the apoftles, they Ihould all unite together, by way 
of interim ; his fcheme being, that only the text of God’s 
word was to be read to the people, without propoling to 
them any explication, and without prefcribing the con¬ 
gregation any thing by way of command, or prohibition, 
but at mod by way of advice. He did not believe that 
it is neceflary, in orderto be a true Chriftian, to be a mem¬ 
ber of any vifible church ; and he abted accordingly, for 
he did not take the facrament either with the Roman ca¬ 
tholics or the proteftants. 
In the year 1578, we find that Koornhert had returned 
back into Holland, where he engaged in a controverfy 
with two minifters of Delft at Leyden, concerning the 
charadteriftics of the true church. He maintained, that 
the churches which followed and believed tire doctrine of 
Calvin and Beza were not true churches; and this he un¬ 
dertook to prove from three articles which they maintain¬ 
ed, namely, predeftination, juftification, and punifhing 
heretics with death. Scarcely had the controverfy begun, 
before it was prohibited by the ftates of Holland ; though 
afterwards they permitted it to be refumed, and appoint¬ 
ed deputies to prefide at the public difcuffion of the 
points in queftiom On the day fixed, when Koornhert 
had nearly filenced his opponents, the prefiding deputies 
interfered in the moft arbitrary manner, charging him 
with a defign of making a fchifm among the people, threat¬ 
ening him with the difpleafure of the ftates ; and calling- 
out- 
