18 
THE COLORADO EXPERIMENT STATION 
(cloudy swelling). At B the cells are farther along in the disease process and 
it will be noted that the nucleus has disappeared and the cell is disintegrating. 
At C are the congested vessels; and at D the white blood cells referred to 
above. There may also be noted in these areas some giant cells. At E 
are the protozoa causing the disease. A microscopic examination of 
sections from the kidneys, shows that poisonous products have been 
taken up by the blood. In these sections we found degenerative changes. 
f 
f 
Figure 20.—A section of liver, No. 19, from the area marked by b, magnified^ 
900 diameters; stained with hematoxylon and eosin. a, liver cells showing cloudy ' 
swelling; b, liver cells undergoing disintegration; c, congested blood vessels, pas¬ 
sive congestion; d, white blood cells (eosinophiles) so abundant in the blood andd 
diseased tissues in this disease; e, the protozoan causing the disease. 
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SYMPTOMS.-—This disease is most common in turkeys of one month top 
a year old, although we have noticed it in birds much older. Only one case r 
was found in the hen. The symptoms are not manifest till the disease into 
the organs has progressed to a considerable extent. The bird is at first dull, 
later the wings and tail may droop, feathers become ruffled and the bird 1 
sits around most of the time. Diarrhoea and loss of appetite is now noted, 
the discharge being of a greenish-yellow color. Gradually growing weaker, i 
the bird usually dies in from three to ten days from the first signs of the dis -id 
ease. In the cases that live longer, the birds become emaciated. A bloods 
study shows eosinophilia. The head may or may not turn purple, from 
which it gets its name—“black head.” iei 
TREATMENT.—Thorough cleansing of the hen house and yard, with e 
disinfection; care as to feeding and watering, and intestinal antiseptics are 
indicated, as recommended for fowl cholera. The sulphocarbolates tablets^ 
as used in chicken cholera gave the best results in our experiments. It is^ 
best to secure these tablets from your veterinarian or druggist as they arel 
on the market in 30 grain veterinary tablets. Dissolve one tablet in each r 
quart of water. This solution can be given as a drink or used to mix soft 
feed. In one outbreak, a lady reports as follows: “Some turkeys were too 
sick to eat. In these cases a small piece of the tablet one-half the size of a 
sweet pea was dissolved and given twice a day. Nearly all these recovered.” 
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