22 
THE COLORADO EXPERIMENT STATION 
potato parings. After death there was found in the crop of each chick, a 
potato paring extending from the crop through the second portion of the 
oesophagus into the stomach. Figure 1 shows these parts. 
GANGRENE OF THE CROP has been observed several times in this 
laboratory. Upon opening the crop a very offensive odor is noted, and the 
lining is in a sloughing (necrotic) state. There may be given in these cases, 
in the earlier stages, salol, subnitrate of bismuth, or sulphocarbolates com¬ 
pound as recommended for diarrhoea. 
INFLAMMATION of the various parts of the digestive tract has been in¬ 
cluded under diarrhoea. 
DISEASES OF THE OVARY AND OVIDUCT 
PROLAPSE OR EVERSION OF THE OVIDUCT.—This condition is 
often seen in hens that are heavy layers. It is perhaps most often found in 
old hens. Overfeeding and aggravated constipation have been found as¬ 
sociated with this condition, and are, no doubt, some of the causes. Where 
the eggs are large, the straining that takes place, and inflammation of the 
oviduct are important factors. The upper portion of the oviduct, or that 
part that receives the yolk as soon as it is formed in the ovary and delivered, 
is lined with secreting cells. In this part the albumen which surrounds the 
yolk is formed. Farther along there are glands that secrete the shell that 
surrounds the outer surface of the albumen. It can be readily seen that 
all these cells require a rich or abundant blood supply. Any inflammation of 
the egg duct means an arrest of function of these glands and also others whose 
function it is to secrete a mucous which lubricates the passage and a stopping 
of the egg passage results. Inflammation of the oviduct is not an uncommon 
occurrence, and may be due to non-specific germs from the cloaca. 
If the prolapsed or protruding mucous membrane is allowed to remain 
out, inflammation and swelling will soon result and the parts may become 
ulcerated later. 
As a remedy, use a three per cent to five per cent carbolized vaseline 
and return the protruded part. Keep the hen on light diet for several days 
so that the parts may have a rest and the irritation causing the trouble will 
subside. Also give the hen a tablespoonful of castor oil and plenty of water. 
EGG BOUND is the stopping or arresting of the passage of the egg at 
the time when it should be expelled from the oviduct. It is alluded to above, 
and in addition to those causes may. be mentioned a weakness of the muscles 
whose duty it is to expel the egg. 
SYMPTOMS.—The hen goes to the nest frequently and attempts to lay 
but is not successful. Lubricate the fore-finger with carbolized vaseline 
and insert it into the oviduct (Fig. 1 shows the relation of these organs) and 
remove the egg. In one case brought to the laboratory, the writer found in¬ 
flammation of the oviduct, a lack of secretion and a very large egg which lay 
crosswise of the duct. It was necessary to break the egg shell to remove 
it. The hen was given a tablespoonful of olive oil, put on bran mash and 
sent home in three days. 
TUMORS OF THE OVARY.—These often consist of yolks or ova which 
have formed but have failed to enter the oviduct. Later these masses be¬ 
come rather hard and yellowish in color, and are found to be made up of 
apparent concentric layers of cheesy matter. (Fig. 23 illustrates one of these 
grape-like masses.) 
CYSTIC CONDITIONS are at times found. These cysts are imperfectly 
developed ova, which contain a colorous liquid. They appear like tumors 
and are attached by more or less long pedicles. 
HEMATOMA or blood tumors, are sometimes found. Figure 24 illus¬ 
trates one of these conditions. 
SARCOMA was studied in the laboratory in two cases. They were gen¬ 
eralized and affected other organs besides the ovary. Sarcomas are a variety 
of malignant tumors. 
