Small Fruits for Colorado. 
5 
trellis is advisable, as it keeps the canes from bending to the ground 
and also prevents the canes from growing out of line, thus inter¬ 
fering with the cultivation. The best trellis is made by setting 
posts one rod apart in the row, then stringing two smooth wires 
one on each side of the post, then training the canes between these 
wires. If large posts are not available, a crosspiece of 2 by 4 is 
nailed on the post and the two wires strung from these. This will 
give a greater distance between the wires and consequently more 
room for the canes. If the crosspieces are bolted on the post the 
wire can easily be taken down in the fall when it is time to cover 
the canes. 
« 
Cultivation .—Commercial raspberry growing is not profitable 
unless the best care is taken of the plantation. Cultivation should 
start as soon as the bushes are uncovered in the spring and continue 
until the middle of August or first of September. One cultivation 
a week is not too much. The first two or three cultivations in the 
spring should be rather deep to thoroughly loosen and aerate the 
soil. Subsequent cultivations may be shallow. Many growers stop 
cultivating during the picking season. This is wrong, as the plant 
at this time needs plant food more than at any other time and if the 
plants have been set far enough apart and trellis used, shallow cul¬ 
tivation can be continued without damage to the plants and fruit. 
As soon as the crop is harvested, the old canes should be cut out 
and burned. About the last of August or first of September culti¬ 
vation should cease so as to permit the wood to harden up and ma¬ 
ture before cold weather sets in. 
Winter Protection .—With few exceptions, winter protection 
is necessary to insure a crop in Colorado. In some cases the mere 
laying down or bending over the canes to protect them against the 
cold and drying winds is all that is necessary, though the safest and 
most efficient way is to bury the canes, that is, cover them with soil 
to the depth of three or four inches. The covering should be done 
as late as possible, but before the ground is frozen. Select days 
during which there is no freezing temperature; otherwise the canes 
are apt to' break when bent to< the ground for covering. With some 
varieties having strong and brittle canes it is often necessary to re¬ 
move a spadeful of soil from the side of the cane towards which 
the canes are bent and in extreme cases the soil is removed on both 
sides. Generally, only enough' earth is used to completely cover 
the canes and success is dependent not upon the thickness of the cov¬ 
ering but upon the completeness of the cover. Strawy manure will 
