6 
The Colorado Experiment Station. 
serve the same purpose as earth, if obtainable in sufficient quan¬ 
tity to make a complete covering. 
The canes should be uncovered as late as possible in the spring 
to avoid early spring frosts, yet the covering should not be per¬ 
mitted to remain too long, as it is apt to injure the young growth. 
Ordinarily when the buds have well started the covering should be 
removed. Care should be taken in uncovering so as not to break or 
otherwise injure the canes and the soil should be leveled off com¬ 
pletely; otherwise in a few years the bushes will stand on a ridge 
and the feeding area of the plants is greatly decreased. The num¬ 
ber of canes left for fruiting depends greatly upon the variety and 
the fertility of the soil. Generally, from eight to ten canes are 
left in each hill. If too many are left, inferior size berries result, 
with correspondingly smaller profit. 
Fertilisers. —If manure is used as a covering for winter pro¬ 
tection, the finer portion should be left to be cultivated in, and in 
most cases this amount is sufficient as annual top dressing. 
Varieties. —Practically all the standard varieties can be grown 
in Colorado, below the altitude of 7,000 feet in northern Colorado 
and higher elevations in the southern and western portions. At 
greater elevations greater care and precaution must be taken to pro¬ 
tect the plants against late spring frost and early frost in the au¬ 
tumn. This is especially true for the northern half of the State. 
The best developed small fruit section in Colorado* is around Love¬ 
land and Fort Collins. This section is admirably adapted to this in¬ 
dustry and with the development of a well organized marketing sys¬ 
tem, it bids fair to become an important producing center. The 
standard variety for this section is the Marlboro , a large, firm, pale 
red berry possessing excellent shipping qualities. It is a vigorous 
grower, hardy and quite resistant to disease. Cuthbert is also ex¬ 
tensively grown. Cuthbert is a large dark red variety of high qual¬ 
ity and when not over-ripe possesses good shipping qualities. It is 
also a strong grower and for home consumption it is superior to the 
Marlboro. For special and particular markets the Cuthbert is the 
berry par excellence. Turner and Loudon are good hardy varieties, 
but inferior to the above mentioned varieties in size, vigor and pro¬ 
ductiveness. Loudon is perhaps the hardiest of the red raspberries 
and should be tested opt in sections where the Marlboro and the 
Cuthberts are not sufficiently hardy. 
The Purple-Cane Raspberries. 
Varieties — Schaffer’s Colossal. —An old variety extensively 
planted in the Mississippi Valley. It is a very strong grower, often 
