Inskcts AND Insecticides 
45 
Dissolve the blue stone by suspending it in a sack in water, then 
dilute to 25 gallons. Slack the lime into an even creamy paste and then 
pour it into the bluestone solution slowly and dilute to 50 gallons. 
Never add the concentrated lime solution to the bluestone solution until 
the latter has been diluted. 
If poisons are to be used with the Bordeaux, use them according 
to the proportion given for the different poisons, considering the Bor¬ 
deaux as water. 
7. White Hellebore 
Hellebore is a yellowish white powder made from the roots of a 
plant (Veratrnni album) belonging to the lily family. It, being a 
vegetable poison, is not injurious to foliage. It is very effective against 
certain insects, especially the slugs which are the larvae of saw flies. 
When exposed to the air, hellebore loses its strength, so a fr^sh 
article should always be demanded. Due to this fact, it is considered 
safe to use it on ripening fruit. It is often used on the cherry to con¬ 
trol the cheiT}^ slug up to picking time. It is applied both dry and in 
water. When applied dry, it may be used without dilution. 
When applied in water use: 
White hellebore . 1 ounce 
Water . 3 gallons 
SUBSTANCES THAT KILL BY EXTERNAL CONTACT 
Contact insecticides are especially effective against soft bodied 
insects. 
Contact sprays have been developed, primarily, to use against 
sucking insects, but many of the chewing insects may be destroyed by 
them. To get results, thoro spraying must be done, as only those in¬ 
sects that have the material thrown directly upon them will be killed. 
8. Soap 
Soap solutions are often used as contact insecticides against plant 
lice Quite often, if one has only a few small trees or bushes in the 
garden, they may be treated with a solution of ordinary laundry soap, 
one pound to six gallons of water. 
The whale oil or hsh oil soaps are more effective. Use one pound 
to six to ten gallons of water. 
9. Fish Oil Soap (Home Made) 
vSHngerland and Crosby in their “Manual of Fruit Insects” give 
the following formula for the preparation of fish oil soap: 
Caustic Soda . 6 pounds 
Water . ^ gallon 
Fish oil . 22 pounds 
“Completely dissolve the caustic soda in the water, and then add 
the fish-oil very gradually under constant and vigorous stirring. The 
combination occurs readily at ordinary summer temperatures and boil- 
