InSKCTS and iNSKCTrCiDKS 
53 
common O'f these is “Tree Tanglefoot.” manufactured by O. & W. 
Thum Co., Grand Rapids, Michigan. Printers ink or any other sticky 
material may be used. Where any oily substance is used, it should 
be put on a heavy paper bandage so as not to come in contact with 
the bark of the trees. 
THE APPLICATION OF INSECTICIDES 
The: Pumps 
]\Iuch of ones success in controling any of the insects will depend 
upon the efficiency of his spraying machinery. The spraying must 
be thoroly done, and at the right time to bring results. All pumps 
and supplies should be on hand and in good condition before it is 
time to start the work. The insects will not wait upon the tardy 
fruit grower. 
Do not make the mistake of getting too small a pump. Small 
hand pumps have their place in spraying shrubbery and garden 
vegetables, but should not be purchased for orchard work. The larger 
hand pumps fitted to a barrel will do fairly good work in an or¬ 
chard of medium to small trees, but in a commercial orchard the 
labor of pumping is too great, and is almost surepo result in a poor 
job being done. In such orchards, gasoline power outfits are most 
useful. They will carry a higher, more uniform pressure and do 
the work more cheaply. It is a matter of economy to use tanks that 
will hold 200 or 250 gallons. 
All pumps should be fitted with brass valves, as the materials used 
will corrode valves made of other metals and harden and decompose 
leather valves. It is important to have the barrel or tank fitted with 
an agitator that will keep the liquid well stirred so the materials in 
suspension will not settle. The hose to which the nozzles are attach¬ 
ed should be light as possible, yet strong enough to stand the high 
pressure. 
APPLICATION OF DRY INSECTICIDES 
There are various dust sprayers, both large and small, upon the 
markets. They are planned to distribute the dry insecticides upon 
the plants. The worst objection to these, especially the smaller ones- 
is that they do not feed regularly, hence do not give a uniform flow 
of powder. 
vSmall trees and low plants can be treated by dusting the powder 
tb.rough a cheese cloth bag*, but it will reach the upper surface of the 
leaves only. It is best to apply the dust early in the morning, or in 
the evening, when there is sufficient moisture to cause it to stick 
where it falls. 
HOW TO SPRAY 
Tack of thoroness in spraying causes more failures than any other 
one cause. If insects are to be killed by poisoning, it is important 
