Cleaned, Treated and Tested Seed 23 
Control: 
1. Wliere\ er possible, destroy all diseased vines by burning. 
2. Do not plant beans on land a second year after it has pro¬ 
duced the disease; wait about three years. 
3. Avoid cultivation of diseased plants while rain or dew is on 
them. 
4. Seed selection is the best and safest means of control. Hand¬ 
picked seed pods should be used; the picking should always be 
done when seed is to be taken from diseased fields. 
5. In cases of seriously affected seed, if such must be used, it is 
important to sterilize the seed, although sterilization may not render 
it absolutely healthy, due to the presence of the disease-producing or¬ 
ganism. within the seed. Disinfect the seed by soaking 18 minutes in 
a solution of 1 part of water to 1,000 parts of corrosive sublimate. It 
is advisable to plant the seed soon after drying. 
Bacterial Blight . This occurs as spots upon the pod, leaf, stem 
and seed of field, garden and lima beans. The leaves are usually the 
first to be attacked. The spots are irregular in outline and water- 
soaked when young. Later these spots dry up and become papery 
and brittle. Sometimes whole leaves are affected and sometimes all 
leaves on a plant are killed. Spots on the pods later become reddish 
in color, although not sunken. As a rule, they may be separated from 
anthracnose spots by the absence of black color and definite smooth 
margins which are frequently rose red in color. The disease is carried 
over on infected seed. It is spread in the field by insects. 
Control: The measures of control recommended for anthracnose 
apply equally well to blight. 
Cabbage. 
Black Rot of Cabbage. This is a bacterial disease characterized 
by the occurrence of black streaks on the woody portions of the stem 
and leaf stalks. Diseased leaves pulled from the stem show blackened 
spots in the leaf stalk. Badly diseased plants are dwarfed, often one¬ 
sided, and are devoid of the lower leaves at maturity. Sometimes the 
entire head fails to develop, or the plant dies in mid-season. The dis¬ 
ease germ may enter at the leaf margins, through the roots or at the 
base of he leaf close to the stem. A very disagreeable odor nearly al¬ 
ways accompanies the disease. 
Control: 
1. Soak the seeds before planting for 15 minutes in either: (1) 
corrosive sublimate solution of 1 ounce to 1,000 ounces of water, or 
(2) in formalin solution of 1 part formalin to 240 parts of water. 
2. Change the crop for two or three years, although do not plant 
vegetables related to cabbage. 
