20 
BY THE WAYSIDE 
BY THE WAYSI D E 
Published on the teDth of each month except July and 
August. 
The official organ of the Wisconsin and Illinois Audu¬ 
bon Societies. 
Twenty-five cents per year. Single Copies 3 cents 
All communications should be sent to Miss Edna Ed¬ 
wards, Appleton, Wis. 
N A T V RE ST VDYIN SCHOOLS 
Course of Study. I. 
[The following brief outline follows the 
course adopted by the Appleton schools 
and is based upon the course of Dr. C. 
F. Hodge, altered by the teachers to meet 
the needs of Wisconsin schools. It is 
intended to suggest work for systematic 
nature study for the first five grades. At 
least one half hour a week should be de¬ 
voted to work with the children. The 
aim is to give the pupils a first hand 
knowledge of the common plants and 
animals of the region in which they live 
and to put them into the right relations 
with them. Economic values and life 
histories are emphasized. Only the bio¬ 
logical side of nature study is here dealt 
with. This course of study will appear 
in the issues of By the Wayside for the 
coming school year. Other articles in 
the series, begun May 1904, will be found 
helpful in successfully carrying out this 
program.—R. M.] 
Grade I (with kindergarten). 
Lessons with Animals. 
Domesticated Animal.—The cat: hab¬ 
its, day and night, its prey, food, care to 
be given it about the house. The atten¬ 
tion of older children should be called to 
its relation to birds, and its undesirabil¬ 
ity as a pet. 
Birds.—Identify the following list by 
color and song; learn nesting and feeding 
habits by actual observation if possible. 
Redheaded woodpecker 
Downy woodpecker 
Sapsucker 
Barn swallow 
Baltimore oriole 
Blue jay 
Crow 
Robin 
Chickadee 
English Sparrow 
Toad.—Specimens kept in the school 
room under daily observation. The food, 
how secured; protective color and forms 
hibernating; its use in the garden and 
the care due it. 
Goldfish—Keep and watch habits in 
school acquaria. 
Insects,—Learn the common forms 
from living specimens; rear if possible 
and have the various stages of the life 
histories in the school room. 
Milkweed butterfiv 
J 
Woolv bear 
Cecropia 
Flea 
(Continued) 
Ages of Birds. 
The birds that reach the ripe age of 
one hundred years are the crow, the eagle, 
the swan and the raven. Those that 
reach the ages of between fifty and sixty 
are the goose, the heron, the parrot and 
the pelican. Those living at the ages of 
twelve, fitteen, twenty and twentv-three 
are the blackbird, the blackcap, the gold¬ 
finch, the lark, the nightingale, the par¬ 
tridge, the peacock, the pheasant, the 
pigeon and the robin. The canary and 
crane live to the age of twenty-five; the 
thrush, ten, and the gentle little wren 
lives to be only three. 
