BY THE WAYSIDE 
43 
Birds seen climbing on trunks or large 
limbs of trees: ^ 
Red-headed Woodpecker, length 9§ 
inches, black and white, no streaks; whole 
head and upper breast red. 
Hairy Woodpecker, length 9 inches. 
Downy Woodpecker, length 64 inches; 
white band down middle of back; wings 
black, spotted with white; plain white 
beneath; males with red band across 
back of crown; outer tail feathers white; 
plain in Hairy, barred with black in 
Downv. 
White-breasted Nuthatch, length 6 
inches: cap and back of rich black, gray¬ 
ish black in female; sides of head, throat 
and breast clear white; back bluish gray; 
win^s and tail marked with black and 
white; often seen on tree trunks with 
head down; notes “yank, yank.” 
Brown Creeper, length. 54 inches; 
brown above, finely streaked with white; 
a huffy white band on wing, white below; 
lon^ curved bill; flies to base of tree and 
works up. 
Usuallv seen in branches of trees: 
Chickadee, length 54 inches; ashv 
grav above; cap and throat black, cheeks 
white; dirty white below; pale rusty 
brown on sides; often seen swinging head 
downward from tips of twigs; notes, 
“chick-a.dee-dee,” and a sharply whis¬ 
tled “phebe.” 
Birds seen on the ground or among 
low bushes: 
Tree Sparrow, length, 64 inches; 
back streaked, black, reddish brown and 
buff; two conspicuous white wing bars; 
white breast with one little black spot in 
its centre; cap reddish brown; often seen 
;i among weeds. 
Snowflakes, almost 7 inches; upper 
parts a rusty color, back streaked with 
black; wings white marked with black 
Continued on last page. 
BY THE WAYSIDE 
Published on the tenth of each month except July and 
Angust. 
The official organ of the Wisconsin and Illinois Audu¬ 
bon Societies. 
Twenty=five cents per year. Single Copies 3 cents. 
All communications should be sent to Miss Iluth Mar¬ 
shall, Appleton. Wis. 
NATURE STUDY IN SCHOOLS. 
[The Wayside takes great pleasure in 
presenting to its readers the following 
article by Miss Jennie R. Faddis of the 
State Normal School at Stevens Point 
W is. This paper was originally pre¬ 
sented at a meeting of the Northwestern 
Teachers’ Association at Chippewa Fails. 
It will appear in two parts.— Editor.] 
The Literature of Nature Study. 
Nature Study literature forms an im¬ 
portant factor in the movement that has 
spread over our country in recent years 
and made great changes in educational 
ideals and methods. Though the greater 
part of the literature intended especially 
for the Nature Study work has been 
given us within a dozen years, the mass 
of literary output labeled with Nature 
Subjects is now a bulky one, and I may 
add, a somewhat heterogeneous one. 
The catalogs, circulars and announce¬ 
ments of thirtv-seven publishing houses 
out of thirty-nine furnish the information 
that they have books for Nature Study 
purposes on their lists. 
This means that everything is included 
from the luxurious “Nature Library” 
with its ten good sized volumes of know¬ 
ledge and wisdom well arranged, and 
other works of equal value from a scien¬ 
tific and literary point of view to the 
“pitter-patter” kind of printed lessons 
intended for children’s edification, and 
the question arid answer form of guides 
for teachers that one of our leading edu¬ 
cational magazines criticised as the “chat¬ 
ter varietv.” 
