68 
BY THE WAYSIDE 
BY THE W AYSI D E 
Published ou the teuth of each month except July and 
August. 
The official organ of the Wisconsin and Illinois Audu¬ 
bon Societies. 
Twenty-five cents per year. Single Copies 3 cents 
All communications should be sent to Miss Edna Ed¬ 
wards. Appleton, Wis. 
NATURESTVDYINSCHOOLS 
Course of Study. ViI. 
Grade IV. 
LESSONS WITH ANIMALS. 
Domesticated Animals—Fowls; chick¬ 
ens, ducks and geese, turkeys. Most 
children in this region are more or less 
familiar with thesfe domesticated ani¬ 
mals; most children are interested in 
caring for them, and many will be found 
who have had some actual experience 
with such pets. Let the teacher draw 
out by well directed questions the simple 
facts about kinds, habits, care and rear¬ 
ing. Aim to have the pupils use good 
language. Lead them to add to their 
stock of information by further observa¬ 
tion. Contrast' the habits and structure 
of these birds with those of wild birds. 
Lead the discussion around to the sub¬ 
ject of man’s influence on domesticated 
animals; their probable fate if left unpro¬ 
tected by him; and, possibly, the history 
of the most recently domesticated fowl 
on the list, the turkey. 
Birds—Pupils should now be familiar 
with at least the twenty-six birds of the 
previous grades. New observations on 
their habits and economic value will add 
interest to the review. Call attention to 
the migrations of birds. The bird lists 
should be kept as before. It is now time 
to begin very definite instruction in bird 
protection. 
Kino-bird Rose-breasted grosbeak 
Bobolink Chimnev swift 
Brown Creeper Herring gull 
Cow bird Nuthatches 
Quail 
Spiders and Harvestmen—A foolish 
antipathy, confined chiefly to adults, 
may interfere with the study of these in¬ 
teresting animals. Some careful obser¬ 
vations directed by the teacher will bring 
out certain points about their structure 
which it is essential to know. The study 
of their habits, especially the construction 
their homes, is well worth the while. 
Insects— 
Codling moth Red admiral 
Tent caterpillars Viceroy 
Tussock moth Walking stick 
Promethea 
The first three insects on the list are 
most conspicuous in their larval forms, 
when they are very injurious to trees. 
Some idea of their destructive power will 
lead children to appreciate the difficul¬ 
ties of combating these insect foes. Set 
the children to hunting for the Prome¬ 
thea moth in any of its stages. The two 
butterflies are common and should be 
known from the pupil’s actual observa¬ 
tion. The walking-stick is interesting 
because it exhibits in a striking way the 
phenomena of protective resemblance. 
[To be continued]. 
[By an error in the last paper, the 
name “Bur Marigold” was printed “Blue 
Marigold.”] 
Now that spring and the birds are 
here and the Audubon societies are 
again active I expect more letters from 
my little friends, but let them be about 
what you yourself have seen and ob¬ 
served as much as possible. Of course I 
like to see that you have done some ref- 
erence work but don’t copy right from 
anv book, it does verv little good to 
vourselves and is not half so interesting 
to those who read the letters. Ask vour 
teachers to help you write your letters, 
and to form a society to protect the birds. 
