Colorado Fodders. 
>n 
/ 
I 
hol had been distilled off, were taken and a weighed portion of 
pure sugar added to some of them. All the portions were then 
decolorized by the use of lead acetate, sodic sulfate and cupric sul¬ 
fate, always added in this order, the precipitate filtered off and 
washed,'the excess of copper removed by H2S and the H2S expelled 
by passing C O2 through the solution, the two last operations were 
quite unnecessary, but I thought that it could happen that I might 
wish to remove the copper and subsequently the H2 S in this manner 
and so I included them in this test. The results showed that the 
sugar was wholly unchanged both in character and quantity by 
these operations. This method was therefore adopted, as the sub¬ 
stances which exert a reducing action upon the Fehling solution 
and are removed by these precipitants are neither glucose nor sac¬ 
charose, the presence and quantity of which I wished to establisli. 
The other substances are of course included in the extract yielded 
by the hay. 
§12. The total reducing power of the cold water extract after 
inversion by heating with hydric chlorid is attributed to the pres¬ 
ence of gums. It is probable that this class of bodies is the source 
of the reducing sugars produced, but the amount of sugar or gum 
present in this extract is so small that it is no matter of great mo¬ 
ment by what name we designate it. 
§13. The reducing power of the hot water extract after the 
action of malt extract has been expressed as starch. The total 
amount extracted by the cold and hot water respectively is much 
less than one would expect, but it must be borne in mind chat the 
hay or fodder had been previously extracted, we may say exhausted, 
with boiling 80 per cent, alcohol. The amounts extracted by these 
media are also much more nearly equal than one would expect, the 
cold water in a few instances actually dissolving more than the hot 
water and malt extract. 
§14. The hydric chlorid used was a one per cent solution. 
The extraction of the hay or fodder with this reagent gave us more 
trouble than all other determinations combined. All of the work 
recorded in this bulletin was done in duplicate and if our results did 
not agree, the work was repeated until we found how to proceed 
in order to obtain concordant results. 
§15. It is true that agreement of results may not be conclu¬ 
sive proof that the method used is the best one, or even that the 
work has been correctly done, but their disagreement, when ob¬ 
tained by the same method and under similar conditions, is con¬ 
clusive of one of two things, either that the operations have been 
interrupted at different stages or that the method is wholly inade¬ 
quate and an end point is not attainable. We found that the dif¬ 
ferent hays and fodders resisted the action of this one per cent. 
