Thk Evergreen Trees oe Colorado. 7 
to bear transplanting well, and smaller sizes are better. They 
should be carefully lifted from the soil with a spade in such a way 
as to retain as many of the roots as possible. A pail or tub with 
two or three inches of thin mud or puddle in the bottom should 
be at hand, into which the roots of the little trees are to be at once 
placed. If they are to be planted again in a few hours the seedlings 
may be carried in this condition. But where large numbers are 
being gathered and where a considerable journey is necessary, the 
trees may be closely packed, roots down, in boxes, using moist 
sphagnum moss, fine grass or similar material among the roots. 
The boxes should be covered, if placed in an open vehicle, for the 
journey. If the trees are not to be planted out at once they may 
be heeled in for a few days. This consists of placing the roots 
in a broad trench with the trees leaning against one side, after 
which moist soil is shoveled over them until the trees are about 
half buried. A shady place should be selected for this purpose. 
Trees of such small size are usually grown for two or more 
years in nursery rows or until one to two feet high. In this way 
they can usually be given much better care than when placed in 
the wind-break or other permanent quarters. They should be 
planted in rows about eighteen inches apart and six to eight inches 
apart in the row for the small sizes. 
Transplanting is best accomplished by laying a wide board 
upon the surface of the soil and then opening a trench along one 
edge with a spade. The little trees are then planted against the 
perpendicular side of the trench and moist soil firmly packed about 
the roots. The trench should be made only a few minutes 
before planting to avoid drying of the soil, and the trees should 
be carried in a pail containing a little water. If possible, select a 
cloudy day for this work and when the soil is moist but not wet. 
The soil should not be allowed to bake at any time. Careful culti¬ 
vation must be maintained during the earlier half or two-thirds of 
the growing season and a winter mulch of coarse manure or straw 
is desirable. 
In transplanting larger trees the same care must be observed 
as with small ones. It is often possible, in moving them only a 
short distance, to retain the earth surrounding the roots in a ball. 
Thorough packing of the soil about the roots should be practiced 
except where the soil is very sticky or wet. 
It is usually desirable to give the nursery partial shade during 
the first season. This may be accomplished by lath screens sup¬ 
ported on stakes about one foot high. Brush laid across wooden 
bars or wires stretched along the rows may also be used. 
NURSERY GROWN STOCK. 
This is always to be preferred where only a few trees are 
