1 6 THE COEORADO EXPERIMENT STATION 
Horticulture, tells us that he has had excellent success by using 
tobacco of his own raising in the proportion of i pound to 6 gal¬ 
lons of water after steeping for a full hour and then applying 
warm. 
EIME-SUEEUR SPRAYS. 
Lime-sulfur sprays used during the summer, when the lice 
have a wooly covering, have not proven satisfactory in our expe¬ 
rience. For early spring spraying, see below. 
• Chloroleum, potash lye, and strong lime washes have also 
been tried without marked beneficial results. 
LATE WINTER OR EARLY SPRING APPLICATIONS. 
So far, the remedies mentioned have been for summer treat¬ 
ments, when the bodies of the lice are more or less covered with 
the waxy secretion. We believe the best time to get results in 
the treatment of this louse is late in the winter or early in spring 
before the buds open. This is not because the lice get protection 
from the opening buds, but because by the time the buds have 
opened, the lice have their bodies more or less covered by the 
v/axy secretions that protect them to some extent from the effects 
of the insecticides. 
Orchards in the Grand Valley treated early in the spring of 
1907 for the destruction of the eggs of the green apple aphis were 
partially freed from the woolly aphis also. 
We have no doubt but what kerosene emulsion, the soluble oil 
sprays, the tobacco sprays and the whale-oil soaps, could be used 
successfully as early spring sprays for the destruction of the over¬ 
winter lice upon the tree top, though we have not tested them in 
that way. As they are not as successful for the destruction of the? 
eggs of the green apple aphis, and as the orchardist is likely to 
want to destroy both of these lice at the same time, if possible, it is 
probable that the lime-sulfur sprays will become most popular for 
early spring applications. 
To get best results on the woolly aphis the spring applica¬ 
tion should be made fully a week or ten days before the apple 
buds begin to open at all, and the trunk and crown of the tree 
should be thoroughly drenched. Then, as a final act for best re¬ 
sults, put tanglefoot bands about the trunks of the trees so that 
the lice at the roots cannot migrate to the top. For the application 
Oi these bands, see next paragraph. 
tanglefoot bands. 
In the experiments upon the Western slope in particular, large 
numbers of Tanglefoot bands have been used. This material is put 
cut by the O. & W. Thum Co., Grand Rapids, Michigan, and is 
