A FKW ORCHARD PDANT DICE 17 
similar to the sticky material put upon the Tanglefoot Fly-paper. 
WHien at all abundant upon the trees, the newly-born lice are much 
inclined to travel about, and it is often astonishing to see the 
number of lice that will be captured in these bands. On the 7th 
of June, 1907, it was estimated that bands that had been on since 
the preceding fall had as many as 100,000 lice each in many cases. 
The bands remain fresh for several months and may be quickly 
freshened by rubbing a paddle over them, when they become filled 
with insects and dirt. 
Mr. Weldon, field entomologist, reports these bands doing 
harm to trees, where they have been on for more than a year. The 
Tanglefoot was placed directly upon the bark, but it would be 
safer to put-a band of stout paper around the trunk and then put 
the Tanglefoot upon that. To make certain that no lice should 
pass under the band, a light band of the cheapest cotton batting 
under the paper would be advisable. This band, in connection 
with the spring spraying mentioned above, we believe to be the 
surest method of freeing the tree tops of woolly aphis. 
MOUNDING AND CURTIVATING. 
The woolly aphis is not a burrowing insect in any true sense 
of the word. The lice that come down the trees get into the 
ground by way of the cracks or other openings in the soil that are 
large enough to allow them to enter. The lice that sometimes in¬ 
fest distant roots do not get to them by crawling there all the 
way from the crown of the tree, but they get down to them directly 
from the surface above. So far as possible, the descending over¬ 
winter lice congregate about the crown of the tree where they 
are able to get below the surface in the large cracks between the 
trunk and the earth. The migration, both to and from the roots, 
can be somewhat, often very largely, prevented by cultivating the 
surface of the soil and by stirring and compacting and even slightly 
mounding the earth about the crown of the tree and by re-stir¬ 
ring this earth when it becomes compacted after a rain or an irri¬ 
gation. 
TRIMMING. 
When the lice become very abundant upon water sprouts and 
suckers, something can be done to lessen the number by thor¬ 
oughly cutting out these growths, and a thorough thinning of the 
top so that plenty of sunlight can enter, has been noticed to lessen 
the number of lice which find the most congenial locations for their 
development in dense shade and upon the north side of the limbs, 
at least in sunny Colorado. 
TREATMENT BELOW GROUND. 
The treatment below ground is all aimed at the lice that are 
