A FEW ORCHARD PRANT DICE 
21 
treat them somewhat severely with the thought that so long as 
they show no injury, it is probably safe to treat others more lightly. 
CARBON BISUEEID. 
This insecticide has often been reported successful against this 
insect upon the roots. 
A splendid opportunity was afforded to observe its results 
in the 20-acre orchard of Mr. F. D. Barney, where about 200 
pounds of the liquid was used on 12-year-old apple trees. The 
treatment was begun on April ii, 1907, and was continued several 
weeks before being completed. 
At the beginning of the treatment a trench 4 or 5 inches deep 
was dug encircling the tree and about 3 to 4 feet in diamater.' Three 
ounces of liquid carbon bisulfid were poured into the bottom of 
the trench, and moist earth thrown quickly in and packed down 
with the shovel. This method did not seem successful, and another 
process was substituted. A shovel was thrust deeply into the 
ground about 18 in. to 2 ft. from the base of the tree with the blade 
broadside to the tree. The handle was then tipped forward and the 
carbon bisulfid poured in at the center of the opening at the back 
of the shovel. The shovel was then withdrawn and the earth 
packed upon the spot treated. Care was taken not to pour the 
liquid directly upon the roots. From three to six holes were treated 
in this way about each tree and about three ounces of the liquid 
used. At this rate the cost of the material did not amount to 
as much as 3 cents per tree. 
Observations on May i6th showed some good accomplished, 
especially where the infested roots had been near to the points 
where the bisulfid had been poured, but there were many living 
lice still remaining about the crowns of the trees. The soil at 
time of treatment was loose, friable and moist, but not wet. The 
results seemed to indicate that such a treatment would be profitable 
in cases of severe root infestation, but not as effective as kerosene 
emulsions or tobacco decoction applied directly to the exposed tree 
roots. 
Tobacco Dust and Stems have not given very satisfactory 
results in our experiments nor with most of the orchardists who 
have tried them. Where 5 or 6 pounds to a tree has been used di¬ 
rectly upon the exposed roots and about the crown, followed by a 
thorough irrigation about the trees, we have had reports of good and 
poor results, even when thoroughly irrigated at once to soak the 
juice down about the roots, so we do not think tobacco dust or stems 
can be relied upon for satisfactory results. 
Tobacco Decoctions in which 2 pounds of stems, or dust, or i 
pound of whole leaf tobacco was used to each 3 gallons of water and 
