56 
REVIEW OF BIOLOGY. 
tapping is performed, felt something hard. He cut upon it and 
found it to be a piece of wire. Pulling firmly but gently, the 
wire gradually came out. After exposing nine inches of the 
wire, it got fast, and the opening had to be enlarged. A plug 
of foetid ingesta was then exposed, held by a joint in the wire 
where two other pieces of wire diverting internally were articu¬ 
lated. The entire foreign body was then extracted. It was an 
umbrella wire and stretcher, which, counting all, was about 20 
inches in length. After a few days of convalescence the cow 
recovered. She had been grazing in a place near a house where 
rubbish had accumulated, and in all probability had picked up 
a piece of an old umbrella when covered with cloth.— (Vet. 
Record.') 
REVIEW OF BIOLOGY. 
Attenuation of Varioloid Virus by Desiccation and 
Heat — [MM. Conte and Duclert\. —Resorting to the results 
previously obtained on a method to obtain a large quantity of 
varioloid virus, the authors have tried to determine the effects 
of desiccation and heat on this virus. The cedematous tissue 
matter of a varioloid tumor is placed on a wire sieve above a wide 
crystalizing apparatus and the whole introduced into a steril¬ 
ized exsiccator, which itself is placed for twelve hours in a 
freezing box, so as to allow the serosity which impregnates the 
tissue to run out as perfectly as possible. After that length of 
time the sieve is removed and the crystalizing apparatus is 
placed in another drying box containing calcium chloride in its 
bottom. This box is closed tight and put in the freezing 
box. The desiccation of the serosity goes on without forma¬ 
tion of microbian cultures, and in various times according to the 
quantity and thickness. The virus dried in this condition 
forms a thin, yellowish crust, shining, easily broken. This is 
placed fora few days in an oven heated to 25VC. By continu¬ 
ing desiccation and heat the virus is gradually attenuated and a 
standard of virulency can be established. Inoculation of such 
a small quantity of virus diluted in sterilized water gives rise 
to local manifestations and very rarely to germatization. The 
dried residue obtained is sufficient to inoculate several hundred 
animals.— (Soc. de Biol.) 
Experiments on the Antagonism Mentioned by Some 
Pathologists Between Typhoid Fever and Tuberculo- 
