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EXTRACTS FROM EXCHANGES. 
Laceration of the Perineum, Permanent Tympanites 
of the Vagina and Consecutive Sterility in a Mare 
[By J. Bournay\ .—Among the many causes of sterility in 
large females, a constant tympanitic condition of the vagina 
may have been overlooked. This case shows that it is not to 
be neglected. A valuable mare, thoroughbred, during a diffi¬ 
cult labor three years before, had a laceration of the vulva, at 
the upper commissure. Towards that commissure the labise 
are apart and the vulva open. The solution of continuity is 
35 millimeters long and runs towards the anus, a little to the 
right. On exploring the vagina, its cavity is found excessively 
dilated , measuring in front of the anterior straight 23 centi¬ 
meters in height and about 20 in width. As to its length , the 
entire forearm can be introduced; it must be at least 30 centi¬ 
meters. The walls of the vagina are smooth as well as the os. 
When the mare micturates or defecates there is free entrance 
and exit of air from the vagina. It is possible that the sterility 
is due to the abnormal dilatation of the vagina, due to the tym¬ 
panitic condition of the organ, which itself is allowed by the 
imperfect closing of the vulva on account of the laceration of 
the upper commissure of that part. With most minute antisep¬ 
tic preparations the operation of perineoraphy is performed. 
After refreshing the edges of the laceration they were closed by 
three sets of sutures, one to bring the cutaneous borders to¬ 
gether, one for those of mucous membrane and a third for the 
whole mass of the lips. The after treatment consisted in subli¬ 
mate irrigations, dusting with iodoform, collodion and wadding. 
The success was complete. Discharged after a few days, the 
vulva repaired, the tympanites disappeared, the vagina re¬ 
tracted, and two months later the mare was covered without 
trouble and became pregnant.—( Revue Veterin.) 
Double Gestation in a Mare [By M. A. Porcherel \.— 
Large female solipeds are normally uniparous, although cases 
are recorded where 2, 3, 4 and 5 foetuses have been born at a 
single delivery. According to Cornevin, the average is about 
the following : for mares, about one double parturition out of 
1000; in the female donkey, one in a hundred. The products 
are of the same or of different sex ; they sometimes are of dif¬ 
ferent species when the mare, for instance, has been successively 
covered by a stallion and by a male mule. This last is rather 
rare. The case here recorded is one more to record. The 
owner of a mare had her covered the same day by a stallion and 
a male mule ; the covering being done one immediately after 
