944 
* 
EXTRACTS FROM EXCHANGES. 
the jugular groove as a thick cord which seemed to be the car¬ 
otid. No other abnormality externally, but the swelling, filled 
with food or saliva, kept on increasing. The animal was rap¬ 
idly losing flesh, and towards the end of its life the vomitings 
were more constant. He would chew and swallow his food 
normally, but a few minutes afterward he would arch his back, 
stretch his neck, lower his head, and by a spasmodic motion of 
the lower jaw the regurgitation would take place. He died from 
inanition. CEsophageal catheterization had been applied to see 
if there was a foreign body or some intra or extra oesophageal 
growth, but the examination was not successful. At the post¬ 
mortem the oesophagus was found of uniform size in the cervical 
and thoracic portions, but at the entrance into the stomach there 
was an oval dilatation, followed by a sudden contraction, which 
would scarcely allow the introduction of a quill ; there was no 
foreign body, no tumor, the muscular coat was flabby and dis¬ 
colored, and the mucous membrane formed a kind of narrow 
cylinder showing the gastro-cesophageal opening. The stomach 
was small and atrophied, of a capacity of not more than one 
litre ; the pyloric opening was normal. No treatment was at¬ 
tempted—none could be .—(Riformcc Veterinaria.') 
On the Treatment of Toe Crack [By Prof. PencK \.— 
For ten years the author has used this mode of treatment, which 
he claims fulfils all the essential required condition of recov¬ 
ery for toe cracks, viz. : The immobilization of the borders of 
the crack. He considers it superior to all the other means rec¬ 
ommended, insuring safety and certainty of success. There is 
no need for special mode of shoeing, no bandage, no stimula¬ 
ting applications, etc.,—it is a simple “ carrage ” of the cracks 
analogous to an old method, but simple in its application and 
economical in its results. This method consists in drilling with 
a gimlet a tract through the wall and implanting in it the blade 
of a nail, well hammered, whose head has been taken off and 
the extremity bent and turned over. When the nail has been 
driven gently through the tract both extremities are riveted 
over as an ordinary nail. Every four or six weeks a new nail 
is driven in. In some animals it may be necessary to keep up 
this monthly nailing for two or even three years .—(Revue Vet - 
erin .) [We fear few American owners of horses would under¬ 
take a treatment so uncertain in its results as to occupy three 
years for recovery, and as the hoof grows new about three times 
during that period it must fail entirely to cause a union or there 
is persistent resplitting of the hoof. We would suggest as much 
