DEPARTMENT OF SURGERY. 
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to their respective value, efficiency and significance, together 
with secondary operations belonging to each, and will be taken 
up in the following order, viz. : 
I. Celiotomy and Laparotomy . 
1. Gastro-intestinal anastomoses. 
2. Intestinal anastomoses. 
(a) Lateral anastomesis. 
(b) End-to-end anastomosis. 
3. Intestinal approximation. 
4. Enterotomy. 
5. Enterostomy. 
6. Enterorrhaphy. 
7. Gastrectomy. 
8. Gastrotomy. 
9. Rumenotomy. 
10. Gastrorrliaphy. 
II. Caesarean section. 
12. Ovariectomy. 
13. Castration of cryptorchids. 
14. Hysterotomy. 
15. Hysterectomy. 
16. Hysterorrliaphy. 
17. Nephrectomy. 
18. Nephrorrhaphy. 
19. Ureterostomy. 
(a) Uretero-ureterostomy. 
(b) Uretero-rectostomy. 
20. Splenectomy. 
11. Paracentesis. 
1. Celiocentesis. 
2. Enterocentesis. 
3. Gastrocentesis. 
III. Herniotomy. 
1. Herniotomia externa. 
2. Herniotomia interna. 
I. Celiotomy , Laparotomy and Abdominal Section. —In a 
general way these terms refer to an incision made into the ab¬ 
domen, an opening into the cavity. Celiotomy is a word com¬ 
posed of two parts, a Greek root and an affix. The root refers 
to the abdomen and the affix to an incision or opening, and 
means literally, a surgical opening of the abdomen or belly. 
Laparotomy is composed of a Greek root referring to the 
flank or loin, and its literal significance relates to an opening 
