EDITORIAL. 
801 
liant in their exhibitions, even more so than those of human 
medicine and surgery. 
The department of anatomy was there to tell us the rich 
means that the French schools have at their disposal. Casts 
upon easts—casts which are in wax, in plaster, in papier mache. 
They are colored ; they look like nature ; they are no doubt 
superior to natural pieces, fresh or preserved, which in many 
instances fail to be of any use to the teacher. Among those 
which belong to Alfort, there is one of an entire horse with all 
the muscles ; one of the post-diaphragmatic viscerae, the large in¬ 
testines, arteries and nerves of the head, of the extremities, etc. 
This application of casts in the teaching of descriptive anatomy 
is also applied to surgical and pathological anatomy, and it is 
with those that lesions at post-mortems are kept always ready 
to be looked at, to be touched by the student, whose mind is 
then far better impressed. 
In this Lyons deserves a special mention. It shows a 
torsion of the small intestine, one of the folded, an invagination 
of the small intestine, a hernia of the same through the hiatus 
of Winslow, a traumatic pericarditis, tuberculous lesions and 
tumors, etc. At Alfort we saw casts representing actinomy¬ 
cosis, epithelial cancer of the bladder, a pyelo-nephritis of a 
steer, etc. 
Besides all those, there were large collections of fresh speci¬ 
mens, of paintings, photographs, etc. 
* 
The Sanitary Veterinary Exhibition of the Seine was 
also very attractive, and especially the section where pathologi¬ 
cal lesions were placed. There was a splendid collection of 
casts in wax, reproducing with perfection various lesions. 
Each piece is painted in true natural tone and deceives to that 
point that they are by many taken as fresh pieces. Measly 
pork meats of various regions are imitated with surprising 
correctness, echinococci of the kidney, tuberculous lesions of 
all kinds, those of pleuro-pneumonia, of glanders, of foot-and- 
mouth disease, etc. Plates, paintings and photographs re- 
