INSECTS AND INSECTICIDES. 
11 
fruit affected by the codling moth was found. Careful 
analysis of the calyx of the fruit was made by Dr. 
O’Brine, Chemist of the Station, and no trace of arsenic 
was found—the usual winds and rains of the season 
secured its dispersion. 
For work on a small scale, an ordinary pail and small 
force pump will do efficient work. The spray is pro¬ 
duced by a flat, perforated nozzle, or the cyclone nozzle 
for large trees, and where many have to be sprayed we 
use and prefer the “ Boss” nozzle. The time to make 
the first application is as soon as the fruit is formed, and 
while erect on its stem. 
Another good effect of the application of the arsen- 
ites at this season is the destruction of all other leaf¬ 
eating larvae, some ot which are so injurious to the ap¬ 
ple tree in this region during the months of April and 
May. It is a great gain to fruit-growers in this dry re¬ 
gion to know that the arsenites may be safely applied to 
the foliage of the apple tree without danger to human 
life when the fruit is fit for table use. 
the apple-leaf beetle (Graptodera foliacea). 
This brassy-green apple insect has been injurious to 
the foliage of apple grafts and small apple trees for sev¬ 
eral years in Colorado. It confines its work, however, 
mainly to the nursery, never working high above the 
surface of the ground. It does not touch the pear, 
although working in numbers on apple grafts, on either 
side of them. It shows, with us, a partiality for some 
varieties over others, and is sometimes as destructive to 
the grape as to the apple. It is a pest in every valley in 
the State where the apple is grown. It also feeds in 
great abundance on the native species of the genus Gaura , 
so plentiful in this region. 
Remedies —Fortunately it is easily overcome. We 
have to contend with it annually, and find no difficulty in 
getting rid of it with the arsenical preparation already 
