38 
ETERINARY EXAMINATIONS. 
the sterno-hyoideus and sterno-maxillaris, has now been largely 
tried in practice. An interesting report on this operation is 
found in the annual veterinary report of the Prussian Army 
(year 1897), in which a large number of cases are described. It 
appears that the operation is generally successful, and imme¬ 
diately stops attempts at further cribbing. Interesting cases 
are cited where old cribbers tried to perform this act right after 
the operation, but without success. I11 some instances cribbing 
was again noticed after a lapse of four days to two months, but 
generally the horses did not relapse into their old habit.— Ber¬ 
liner Thier. Wo chi) 
The Microbe of Carcinoma. —Dr. Furgeus describes in 
a paper read before the Berlin Medical Society the protozoa of 
the carcinoma. He found them in a tumor adhering to the 
bronchi; The pathogenic organism appears as a spindle- 
shaped body with very small spores. The latter become free, 
and by amoeboid motion enter partly into the epithelial cells 
of the tumor, partly they remain in the intercellular spaces. 
They grow best within the cells and finally occupy the whole 
cell-body. He classifies these micioorganisms as gregarina.— 
(. Berlin. Thier. Woch.) 
Antitoxins. — The great success achieved by the anti¬ 
toxin treatment of swine erysipelas during the summer of 1898 
has apparently stimulated the preparation of antitoxins for the 
other infectious swine diseases. There are now two antitoxins 
for swine plague and swine pest on the market, one prepared by 
Dr. Beck, the other by Dr. Schreiber, each claiming first re¬ 
covery. Dr. Sclrrieber’s antitoxin in so far differs from the 
other, as he offers two distinct kinds of antitoxin, one as a pre¬ 
ventive, immunizing hogs for five months, the other as a curative 
for diseased animals. The application of the serums is the same 
as in other antitoxin treatments.—( Berl. Thier. Woch.) 
VETERINARY EXAMINATIONS. 
QUESTIONS SUBMITTED TO CANDIDATES FOR THE UICENSING 
DEGREE BY THE BOARD OF VETERINARY MEDICAU EXAM¬ 
INERS OF NEW YORK. 
At the sixteenth veterinary examination, held in New York 
City, January 24 to 27, the following questions were propounded 
with these instructions : 
