44 
REVIEW OF BIOLOGY. 
not noticed the breed, because generally, in dogs found in 
pounds, it is impossible to establish the breed ; but they ob¬ 
served that each group contains various breeds, and that 
whether mixed or pure the only characteristic element of the 
groups is the mass of the body. However, it is to be noticed 
that individual indications do not present such differences that 
averages become of erroneous value ; all little dogs are really 
more or less brachycephalous, the large ones more or less 
solichocephalous. The very different aspect of the heads of the 
various breeds is due to the variations of the face and not of 
the cranial cavity ; this is independent of the aspect of the head 
or is sometimes influenced in a very different sense.— (Soc. of 
Biology.') 
Upon a New Trichophyton Giving Herpes in 
Horses [By Natruchot and Dassonmlle ].—An epizooty of 
herpes affected 40 horses in a regiment. Several of the men 
who took care of them had eruptions, principally on the neck. 
To establish the nature of the parasite and see if the disease of 
the men could be attributed to it, trials of culture and inocula¬ 
tions were made. Cultures made with the hairs or crusts from 
the herpetic spots gave a trichophyton which grew specially 
well on Sabourand media, carrots and potatoes. Numerous 
oval spores were found at the lower part of hairs pulled from 
the herpetic spot. Round the hair are ramified mycelium 
threads, partly transformed into spores. In artificial cultures, 
the trichophyton appears as an abundant mycelium, with wide 
threads, with few divisions, ramifying generally at right angles. 
Spores grow laterally in bladder-like buds. The mycelium 
threads are transformed into reproducing chlamydospores like 
the lateral spores. The fungi seem to belong to the ascomycetes 
species of the gymnoascious group. A physician inoculated 
with the trichophyton has had a characteristic herpes. In 
guinea pigs two inoculations gave positive results.— (Soc. o; 
Biology.) 
Upon Ankylostomiasis of Horses [By Stefan von Ratz\. 
—In 1896 Dr. von Rathonyi announced the discovery of eggs 
of ankylostome of man in the faeces of horses, and concluded 
the horse as the primitive host of this worm. Prof. Railliet 
refuted the opinion of the Hungarian physician and declared 
that the supposed eggs of ankylostomi were simply eggs of 
sclerostomes. Prof, von Ratz has renewed the study of the 
question upon the same horses that von Rathonyi used for his 
observations. After long and minute researche she arrived at 
