102 
A. N. LUSHINGTON. 
proximating that to which they are accustomed in nature, per¬ 
mits of the widest latitude for the display and exhibition of 
those peculiar instinctive traits which form a part of their dis¬ 
tinguishing characteristics. With apparently a keen sense 
for observation and selection, the members of each species or 
family readily seek out and crave the association of other mem¬ 
bers of the same species or family and appear perfectly satisfied 
only when thus associated. Wandering at large and grazing 
through the pastures or at the drinking pond or stream, they 
manifest a deep concern for each other, clearly evidencing, how¬ 
ever, that the instinct for association is peculiar to them all. 
They frisk, frolic and gambol with a spirit of delight and grati¬ 
fication seemingly peculiar only to themselves. When for 
reasons of inability any member or members refuse to share in 
a general jollification, the very deepest concern is manifested 
for him. When danger, real or suspected, threatens and an 
asylum becomes necessary, as by magic, the signal is given and 
the course taken by one seems to be the choice of all and is per¬ 
sistently and unswervingly followed even when conditions of a 
most threatening and dangerous character sometimes seem im¬ 
possible to be overcome. 
2. Stock Farm Conditions Simulate a Natural Condition .— 
The conditions under which animals live in nature have’ a di¬ 
rect similarity to those on the stock-farm. In the former they 
enjoy so-called absolute and unrestricted freedom, having im¬ 
posed upon them, however, the absolute responsibility for their 
own safety and protection, as well as for the means of suste¬ 
nance. On the stock-farm, on the other hand, they are subject 
to these conditions only in a modified form by way of, to a cer¬ 
tain extent, restricted freedom; which is compensated for by 
the means of protection and oversight, as well as a proportion 
of the means of sustenance regularly provided them. 
3. Opportunities which Constitute the Basis of Original Ob - 
. servation .—Those whose business brings them into close and 
frequent contact with farm animals and are sufficiently ob¬ 
servant find a large field of opportunities which constitutes the 
