110 
J. F. BUT 1 ERFI ELD. 
recommend an anodyne. A hypodermic injection of morphia, 
three to five grains, one-half hour before operating. No doubt 
the anaesthetic would be the more up-to-date idea, but it is diffi¬ 
cult to always have au assistant that is skilled in its administra¬ 
tion, and then we would have the added danger of anaesthesia. 
Prepare the animal for the operation by dieting from twelve 
to twenty-four hours previous, allowing only bran mashes. 
To secure the horse in the recumbent position for the re¬ 
moval of the apparently absent member, we use the Conkey har¬ 
ness, preferring a grass plot on a little incline. Lay him with 
head down the hill, with side uppermost you wish to operate. 
This causes the abdominal viscera to gravitate forward out of 
the way, lessening the pressure upon your opening. 
Having previously examined the parts in a standing posi¬ 
tion, now look for the cicatrix if the history of the case says the 
testicle has been removed ; manipulate again for flanker, or in¬ 
guinal detention, which can most usually be detected now. If 
a flanker, remove where you find it. If in inguinal canal, make 
an incision in same place in scrotum as though it were a nor¬ 
mal castration, having previously disinfected the skin and 
hands with the usual bichloride or lysol solutions, and instru¬ 
ments with carbolic or formaldehyde solution. Make the inci¬ 
sion large enough to introduce the hand. An operator with a 
small hand has an advantage. Now tear and stretch the fascia 
outward from the incision, and with a rotary motion with the 
hand partially closed, outside the muscles, next to the skin in 
the direction of the descent of the testicle to the inguinal ring, 
where you will find the testicle detained in the ring. Bring it 
to the surface and remove with the ecraseur in the usual man¬ 
ner. • 
Now, for the abdominal ridgling, you make the same incision 
and same entrance to the ring as in the detained ring operation. 
You now pass above the ring two or three inches and break the 
peritoneum with one finger. Introduce two fingers and usually 
you will detect the vas deferens right where you break through. 
Follow out to the testicle and bring it to the surface. Invari- 
