112 
URINARY ANALYSIS. 
URINARY ANALYSIS. 
By George Jobson, V. S., Chicago, III. 
Read before the Annual Meeting of the Pennsylvania State Veterinary Medical 
Association, March 8, 1899. 
My apology for not presenting a more lengthy paper to the 
members of this association is a lack of time to prepare one. I 
will, however, contribute my mite by giving some reliable 
qualitative, tests for some of the most important pathological 
urinary constituents, as I think urinary analysis should play as 
important a part in the diagnosis of animal diseases as it does 
in the human family, and it would no doubt help to clear up 
the pathology of those diseases which at present are rather ob¬ 
scure to us, if it was more generally adopted by the members of 
the veterinary profession. 
Urea.— Test No /.— Take one ounce of urine and concen¬ 
trate by boiling to a small bulk, add strong nitric acid and set 
aside to cool. Crystals of urea nitrate will form and can be 
seen by the aid of the microscope. They are octahedra lozenge¬ 
shaped tablets or hexagons. 
Test No. 2 may be used quantitatively and qualitatively. It 
depends on the power of a solution of sodium hypobromite to 
evolve nitrogen from urea, and the gas collects in the closed 
end of the Doremus ureameter and displaces the solution. The 
tube being marked in per cent., the amount of nitrogen gas 
registered represents the percentage of urea present in the urine. 
Normally horses’ urine contains from 1 y 2 to 2 ^2 per cent. But 
this may vary slightly according to the concentration of the 
urine. In dogs it may be 10 per cent 
To make the solution of sod. hypobrom., keep on hand a 20 
per cent. sol. of sod. hydrate. Fill the ureameter with this solu¬ 
tion and add 15 drops (1 c.c.) of bromide. 
The test is made by drawing up • 1 c.c. of urine into the 
pipette, which is marked. Insert the pipette carefully and press 
out the urine slowly. The following reaction occurs : 
con 2 h 4 + 3 Na Bro = Co 3 + N 2 + 2 H 2 O + 3 Na Br. 
urea) (sodium (carbonic (nitrogen) (water) 
hypobrom) acid) (sod. bromide) 
