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COLEMAN NOCKOLDS. 
fofm. It is transmitted not only by direct contact, but by the 
intermediation of insects that have come in contact with the 
diseased animals. 
Animals grazing where carcasses of animals dying of an¬ 
thrax have been buried are sometimes infected by the spores of 
germs which have been brought to the surface by earth worms. 
From liability of workers in wool to this disease it has 
been called woolsorters’ disease. It is generally called malig¬ 
nant pustule when affecting man, and can be contracted by 
handling meat, hides, and even leather made from the skins of 
animals that have been victims of anthrax. 
Vaccina, or cow pox, is an eruptive contagious fever of the 
cow, transmissible to man. 
The disease is usually taken from one animal to another by 
the hands of the milker, clothes, bedding, etc. The virus as 
contained in the eruption constitutes the well-known vaccine. 
In 1798 Edward Jenner discovered that by inoculating or vacci¬ 
nating people with the products of the vesicles of cow-pox, 
rendered them immune from small-pox. From that time the 
process has extended over the civilized world, and proved an 
incalculable boon to humanity. Although cow-pox and small¬ 
pox are closely related, investigation has proved that they are 
not identically the same disease. 
Actinomycosis (Lump Jaw): A chronic, infective disorder 
affecting cattle and other animals and transmissible to man. 
This disease is caused by a vegetable fungus, actinomyces. 
It is characterized by the formation of neoplasms, most com¬ 
monly upon the lower jaw, but may form on any part of the 
system, most generally in the alimentary canal or lungs. The 
general symptoms of the disease resemble those of pyaemia. 
Actinomycosis is transmitted to man by inoculation and the 
pathological conditions observed in man are identical with 
those found in cattle. The pig is most commonly affected next 
to bovines. 
Aphthous Fever (Foot-and-Mouth Disease) is an acute in¬ 
fectious disease, affecting chiefly cattle, sheep and pigs, but 
