280 
REVIEW OF BIOLOGY. 
REVIEW OF BIOLOGY. 
Tuberculosis of Mammalia and Turkeys [By MM. 
Cadiot , Gibert and Royer ].— The experiments which have 
shown that gallinaceans take with difficulty tuberculosis of mam¬ 
malia have already suggested therapeutic attempts. For some 
years the authors have made researches and have thought that 
the best results would be obtained in trying to increase the nat¬ 
ural resisting power of some birds with repeated inoculations of 
human or canine tuberculous cultures, living or sterilized. 
Chickens giving not enough blood, they operated on turkeys. 
They experimented on forty birds. Several received between 
io and 12 virulent inoculations in veins or in the peritoneum. 
A certain number of them died ; in most they found only he¬ 
patic cirrhosis ; in three the liver and spleen contained numer¬ 
ous tuberculous granulations very rich in bacilli. It was already 
known that turkeys easily become tuberculous, but it was sup¬ 
posed that they were contaminated by other gallinaceans and 
especially chickens. The facts presented by the authors show 
that in some cases infection can be transmitted by mammalia. 
However, in turkeys as in chickens, inoculations have to be 
multiplied. By this means, instead of increasing the resisting 
power, it is reduced. However, the positive results are yet rare ; 
to have tuberculosis developed regularly, injections of serum 
from mammalia must be made at the same time.— (Soc. de 
Biology .) 
Oxygenated Water in Surgery [By M. Lucas Cham - 
pionniere~\. —After establishing that aseptic practice does not 
exist and has never existed for general surgery, and that no 
ordinary surgery is done without antiseptics, the author reviews 
comparatively sublimate and phenic acid. The first substance 
is without value when applied on a suppurating wound and es¬ 
pecially when the suppuration assumes a certain character of 
malignity. Phenic acid, on the contrary, is better. Neverthe¬ 
less, in concontrated solution it acts only slowly. Chloride of 
zinc is one of the rare substances which reduces suppuration. 
But its effects are irregular. For the author oxygenated water 
has a powerful antiseptic action on ferments ; it possesses a 
special power of impregnation on the tissues, so to speak, pene¬ 
trating them. Its application in surgery imposes itself. It may 
be used pure as delivered to the trade, containing io or 12 vol¬ 
umes of oxygen.—( Acad. de Med.) 
