MODERN VETERINARY PRACTICE. 
421 
ties, and a number of deputies. Many of our large cities have 
city veterinarians in constant employ. There are places in our 
agricultural colleges and experiment stations for veterinarians 
who have a taste for wojk as teachers and experimenters. 
Veterinary Sanitation .—Recently the bacteriology of pleuro¬ 
pneumonia has been cleared up by the discovery of a microbe 
so minute that our most perfect microscopes are unable to define 
it for the observer. Competent bacteriologists pronounce the 
work in this case as free from flaws and there is apparently no 
reason why we should not accept it. If the specific germ of one 
disease is too minute for microscopic study, there may be many 
others. There are several diseases of domestic animals, the 
specific cause of which has persistently eluded the bacteriolo¬ 
gists and it is possible that in this we have an explanation. 
New methods of bacteriological work may now solve these 
hitherto impossible problems. 
Texas Fever .—The history of Texas fever presents another 
triumph. It has been but a few years since the origin and nature 
of this disease was a mystery. It is difficult to give a definite 
idea of the seriousness of this disease. Practically all of the 
cattle in the United States, south of a certain line, are either 
affected by it or have been rendered immune by infection while 
young. Southern cattle could not be shipped north for pastur¬ 
age or market except during cold months. Northern cattle 
could not be shipped south for the purpose of improving south¬ 
ern stock without almost complete loss. Great business inter¬ 
ests were constantly disturbed and the loss to both southern 
and northern States was serious. We now have the etiology of 
this disease before us, as an open book. It has been proven 
very conclusively that the disease is transmitted in nature in¬ 
variably by inoculation and the inoculation is done only by one 
species of the tick (boophilus bovis). Southern cattle free from 
living ticks can therefore be shipped north without danger. 
Government veterinarians have been experimenting for some 
time with various dips for destroying the ticks so as to remove 
the last obstacle to the movement of southern cattle northward 
