SOCIETY MEETINGS. 
453 
ginis, or both. It often causes persistent lameness, but the in¬ 
flammation aborts as anchylosis sets in, movement is limited 
and permanent stiffness results. They are variously classified 
according to location as “ high ” and “ low,” and again they 
may be divided into “ true ” and “ false.” The latter are often 
due to rickets and for use should not be called an unsoundness, 
but must not be overlooked in selecting a breeding animal. 
True ringbones may be divided into articular or those involving 
the gliding surface, or periarticular or upon the joint and is not 
as serious as the articular form. Ringbones must be always 
considered an unsoundness, because they impair the usefulness 
of the animal. 
Sprain of the Inferior Suspensory Ligaments. —These liga¬ 
ments are commonly known as the X, Y, and V ligaments, and 
are located posteriorly to the pastern. When sprained severely 
they cause a thickening of the cortex. A sprain of these struc¬ 
tures is usually caused by speeding, jumping or desperate trac¬ 
tion. Animals so affected are unfit for fast and heavy work and 
are therefore unsound, slight sprains which terminate favorably 
in a few days excluded. 
DISCUSSION. 
Dr. Hawley : I understood Dr. Dubia to say that a windgall 
if soft was not an unsoundness. I have seen windgalls as large 
as a hen’s egg, and though the horse showed no lameness and 
the windgalls were soft and the horse was capable of perform¬ 
ing services all right, still it being a blemish I cannot consider 
the horse sound. 
Dr. Dubia: I called snch a horse “serviceably sound.” 
Dr. Hawley: Has this society adopted the expression “ ser¬ 
viceably sound?” If so, I want to know when the terms 
“sound ” and “ serviceably sound ” should be used. 
Dr. Robertson : The agreement made when we first opened 
this discussion was that we were to continue the work until all 
the topics were presented and discussed, and then endeavor to 
come to some understanding as to when to apply the term “ser¬ 
viceably sound” and “ sound.” 
Dr. Merillat: Has Dr. Hawley ever seen a copy of the rules 
adopted by the Stock Yard Company governing this point ? 
Dr. Hawley : These rules were formed by Mr. F. J. Berry, 
but they are of no consequence whatever. 
Dr. Merillat: I think it the policy of the Horse Commission 
Union to call a horse “serviceably sound” that has only such 
defects that do not materially affect his usefulness nor value. 
